2 # -*- mode: perl; perl-indent-level: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-
6 crunch-job: Execute job steps, save snapshots as requested, collate output.
10 Obtain job details from Arvados, run tasks on compute nodes (typically
11 invoked by scheduler on controller):
13 crunch-job --job x-y-z --git-dir /path/to/repo/.git
15 Obtain job details from command line, run tasks on local machine
16 (typically invoked by application or developer on VM):
18 crunch-job --job '{"script_version":"/path/to/working/tree","script":"scriptname",...}'
20 crunch-job --job '{"repository":"https://github.com/curoverse/arvados.git","script_version":"master","script":"scriptname",...}'
28 If the job is already locked, steal the lock and run it anyway.
32 Path to a .git directory (or a git URL) where the commit given in the
33 job's C<script_version> attribute is to be found. If this is I<not>
34 given, the job's C<repository> attribute will be used.
38 Arvados API authorization token to use during the course of the job.
42 Do not clear per-job/task temporary directories during initial job
43 setup. This can speed up development and debugging when running jobs
48 UUID of the job to run, or a JSON-encoded job resource without a
49 UUID. If the latter is given, a new job object will be created.
53 =head1 RUNNING JOBS LOCALLY
55 crunch-job's log messages appear on stderr along with the job tasks'
56 stderr streams. The log is saved in Keep at each checkpoint and when
59 If the job succeeds, the job's output locator is printed on stdout.
61 While the job is running, the following signals are accepted:
65 =item control-C, SIGINT, SIGQUIT
67 Save a checkpoint, terminate any job tasks that are running, and stop.
71 Save a checkpoint and continue.
75 Refresh node allocation (i.e., check whether any nodes have been added
76 or unallocated) and attributes of the Job record that should affect
77 behavior (e.g., cancel job if cancelled_at becomes non-nil).
85 use POSIX ':sys_wait_h';
86 use POSIX qw(strftime);
87 use Fcntl qw(F_GETFL F_SETFL O_NONBLOCK);
91 use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
97 use File::Path qw( make_path remove_tree );
99 use constant TASK_TEMPFAIL => 111;
100 use constant EX_TEMPFAIL => 75;
101 use constant EX_RETRY_UNLOCKED => 93;
103 $ENV{"TMPDIR"} ||= "/tmp";
104 unless (defined $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"}) {
105 $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"} = $ENV{"TMPDIR"} . "/crunch-job";
106 if ($ENV{"USER"} ne "crunch" && $< != 0) {
107 # use a tmp dir unique for my uid
108 $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"} .= "-$<";
112 # Create the tmp directory if it does not exist
113 if ( ! -d $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"} ) {
114 make_path $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"} or die "Failed to create temporary working directory: " . $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"};
117 $ENV{"JOB_WORK"} = $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"} . "/work";
118 $ENV{"CRUNCH_INSTALL"} = "$ENV{CRUNCH_TMP}/opt";
119 $ENV{"CRUNCH_WORK"} = $ENV{"JOB_WORK"}; # deprecated
120 mkdir ($ENV{"JOB_WORK"});
129 my $docker_bin = "docker.io";
130 GetOptions('force-unlock' => \$force_unlock,
131 'git-dir=s' => \$git_dir,
132 'job=s' => \$jobspec,
133 'job-api-token=s' => \$job_api_token,
134 'no-clear-tmp' => \$no_clear_tmp,
135 'resume-stash=s' => \$resume_stash,
136 'docker-bin=s' => \$docker_bin,
139 if (defined $job_api_token) {
140 $ENV{ARVADOS_API_TOKEN} = $job_api_token;
143 my $have_slurm = exists $ENV{SLURM_JOB_ID} && exists $ENV{SLURM_NODELIST};
148 $main::ENV{CRUNCH_DEBUG} = 1;
152 $main::ENV{CRUNCH_DEBUG} = 0;
155 my $arv = Arvados->new('apiVersion' => 'v1');
164 if ($jobspec =~ /^[-a-z\d]+$/)
166 # $jobspec is an Arvados UUID, not a JSON job specification
167 $Job = api_call("jobs/get", uuid => $jobspec);
172 $local_job = JSON::decode_json($jobspec);
176 # Make sure our workers (our slurm nodes, localhost, or whatever) are
177 # at least able to run basic commands: they aren't down or severely
180 if (($Job || $local_job)->{docker_image_locator}) {
181 $cmd = [$docker_bin, 'ps', '-q'];
183 Log(undef, "Sanity check is `@$cmd`");
184 srun(["srun", "--nodes=\Q$ENV{SLURM_NNODES}\E", "--ntasks-per-node=1"],
188 Log(undef, "Sanity check failed: ".exit_status_s($?));
191 Log(undef, "Sanity check OK");
194 my $User = api_call("users/current");
197 if (!$force_unlock) {
198 # Claim this job, and make sure nobody else does
199 eval { api_call("jobs/lock", uuid => $Job->{uuid}); };
201 Log(undef, "Error while locking job, exiting ".EX_TEMPFAIL);
210 map { croak ("No $_ specified") unless $local_job->{$_} }
211 qw(script script_version script_parameters);
214 $local_job->{'is_locked_by_uuid'} = $User->{'uuid'};
215 $local_job->{'started_at'} = gmtime;
216 $local_job->{'state'} = 'Running';
218 $Job = api_call("jobs/create", job => $local_job);
220 $job_id = $Job->{'uuid'};
222 my $keep_logfile = $job_id . '.log.txt';
223 log_writer_start($keep_logfile);
225 $Job->{'runtime_constraints'} ||= {};
226 $Job->{'runtime_constraints'}->{'max_tasks_per_node'} ||= 0;
227 my $max_ncpus = $Job->{'runtime_constraints'}->{'max_tasks_per_node'};
229 my $gem_versions = `gem list --quiet arvados-cli 2>/dev/null`;
231 $gem_versions =~ s/^arvados-cli \(/ with arvados-cli Gem version(s) /;
232 chomp($gem_versions);
233 chop($gem_versions); # Closing parentheses
238 "running from " . ((-e $0) ? realpath($0) : "stdin") . $gem_versions);
240 Log (undef, "check slurm allocation");
243 # Should use $ENV{SLURM_TASKS_PER_NODE} instead of sinfo? (eg. "4(x3),2,4(x2)")
247 my $localcpus = 0 + `grep -cw ^processor /proc/cpuinfo` || 1;
248 push @sinfo, "$localcpus localhost";
250 if (exists $ENV{SLURM_NODELIST})
252 push @sinfo, `sinfo -h --format='%c %N' --nodes=\Q$ENV{SLURM_NODELIST}\E`;
256 my ($ncpus, $slurm_nodelist) = split;
257 $ncpus = $max_ncpus if $max_ncpus && $ncpus > $max_ncpus;
260 while ($slurm_nodelist =~ s/^([^\[,]+?(\[.*?\])?)(,|$)//)
263 if ($nodelist =~ /\[((\d+)(-(\d+))?(,(\d+)(-(\d+))?)*)\]/)
266 foreach (split (",", $ranges))
279 push @nodelist, map {
281 $n =~ s/\[[-,\d]+\]/$_/;
288 push @nodelist, $nodelist;
291 foreach my $nodename (@nodelist)
293 Log (undef, "node $nodename - $ncpus slots");
294 my $node = { name => $nodename,
296 # The number of consecutive times a task has been dispatched
297 # to this node and failed.
299 # The number of consecutive times that SLURM has reported
300 # a node failure since the last successful task.
302 # Don't dispatch work to this node until this time
303 # (in seconds since the epoch) has passed.
305 foreach my $cpu (1..$ncpus)
307 push @slot, { node => $node,
311 push @node, @nodelist;
316 # Ensure that we get one jobstep running on each allocated node before
317 # we start overloading nodes with concurrent steps
319 @slot = sort { $a->{cpu} <=> $b->{cpu} } @slot;
322 $Job->update_attributes(
323 'tasks_summary' => { 'failed' => 0,
328 Log (undef, "start");
329 $SIG{'INT'} = sub { $main::please_freeze = 1; };
330 $SIG{'QUIT'} = sub { $main::please_freeze = 1; };
331 $SIG{'TERM'} = \&croak;
332 $SIG{'TSTP'} = sub { $main::please_freeze = 1; };
333 $SIG{'ALRM'} = sub { $main::please_info = 1; };
334 $SIG{'CONT'} = sub { $main::please_continue = 1; };
335 $SIG{'HUP'} = sub { $main::please_refresh = 1; };
337 $main::please_freeze = 0;
338 $main::please_info = 0;
339 $main::please_continue = 0;
340 $main::please_refresh = 0;
341 my $jobsteps_must_output_keys = 0; # becomes 1 when any task outputs a key
343 grep { $ENV{$1} = $2 if /^(NOCACHE.*?)=(.*)/ } split ("\n", $$Job{knobs});
344 $ENV{"CRUNCH_JOB_UUID"} = $job_id;
345 $ENV{"JOB_UUID"} = $job_id;
348 my @jobstep_todo = ();
349 my @jobstep_done = ();
350 my @jobstep_tomerge = ();
351 my $jobstep_tomerge_level = 0;
352 my $squeue_checked = 0;
353 my $latest_refresh = scalar time;
357 if (defined $Job->{thawedfromkey})
359 thaw ($Job->{thawedfromkey});
363 my $first_task = api_call("job_tasks/create", job_task => {
364 'job_uuid' => $Job->{'uuid'},
369 push @jobstep, { 'level' => 0,
371 'arvados_task' => $first_task,
373 push @jobstep_todo, 0;
379 must_lock_now("$ENV{CRUNCH_TMP}/.lock", "a job is already running here.");
382 my $build_script = handle_readall(\*DATA);
383 my $nodelist = join(",", @node);
384 my $git_tar_count = 0;
386 if (!defined $no_clear_tmp) {
387 # Clean out crunch_tmp/work, crunch_tmp/opt, crunch_tmp/src*
388 Log (undef, "Clean work dirs");
390 my $cleanpid = fork();
393 # Find FUSE mounts under $CRUNCH_TMP and unmount them.
394 # Then clean up work directories.
395 # TODO: When #5036 is done and widely deployed, we can limit mount's
396 # -t option to simply fuse.keep.
397 srun (["srun", "--nodelist=$nodelist", "-D", $ENV{'TMPDIR'}],
398 ['bash', '-ec', '-o', 'pipefail', 'mount -t fuse,fuse.keep | awk "(index(\$3, \"$CRUNCH_TMP\") == 1){print \$3}" | xargs -r -n 1 fusermount -u -z; sleep 1; rm -rf $JOB_WORK $CRUNCH_INSTALL $CRUNCH_TMP/task $CRUNCH_TMP/src* $CRUNCH_TMP/*.cid']);
403 last if $cleanpid == waitpid (-1, WNOHANG);
404 freeze_if_want_freeze ($cleanpid);
405 select (undef, undef, undef, 0.1);
408 Log(undef, "Clean work dirs: exit ".exit_status_s($?));
409 exit(EX_RETRY_UNLOCKED);
413 # If this job requires a Docker image, install that.
414 my ($docker_locator, $docker_stream, $docker_hash, $docker_limitmem, $dockeruserarg);
415 if ($docker_locator = $Job->{docker_image_locator}) {
416 ($docker_stream, $docker_hash) = find_docker_image($docker_locator);
419 croak("No Docker image hash found from locator $docker_locator");
421 $docker_stream =~ s/^\.//;
422 my $docker_install_script = qq{
423 if ! $docker_bin images -q --no-trunc --all | grep -qxF \Q$docker_hash\E; then
424 arv-get \Q$docker_locator$docker_stream/$docker_hash.tar\E | $docker_bin load
427 my $docker_pid = fork();
428 if ($docker_pid == 0)
430 srun (["srun", "--nodelist=" . join(',', @node)],
431 ["/bin/sh", "-ec", $docker_install_script]);
436 last if $docker_pid == waitpid (-1, WNOHANG);
437 freeze_if_want_freeze ($docker_pid);
438 select (undef, undef, undef, 0.1);
442 croak("Installing Docker image from $docker_locator exited "
446 # Determine whether this version of Docker supports memory+swap limits.
447 srun(["srun", "--nodelist=" . $node[0]],
448 ["/bin/sh", "-ec", "$docker_bin run --help | grep -qe --memory-swap="],
450 $docker_limitmem = ($? == 0);
452 # Find a non-root Docker user to use.
453 # Tries the default user for the container, then 'crunch', then 'nobody',
454 # testing for whether the actual user id is non-zero. This defends against
455 # mistakes but not malice, but we intend to harden the security in the future
456 # so we don't want anyone getting used to their jobs running as root in their
458 my @tryusers = ("", "crunch", "nobody");
459 foreach my $try_user (@tryusers) {
461 if ($try_user eq "") {
462 Log(undef, "Checking if container default user is not UID 0");
465 Log(undef, "Checking if user '$try_user' is not UID 0");
466 $try_user_arg = "--user=$try_user";
468 srun(["srun", "--nodelist=" . $node[0]],
470 "a=`$docker_bin run $try_user_arg $docker_hash id --user` && " .
474 $dockeruserarg = $try_user_arg;
475 if ($try_user eq "") {
476 Log(undef, "Container will run with default user");
478 Log(undef, "Container will run with $dockeruserarg");
484 if (!defined $dockeruserarg) {
485 croak("Could not find a user in container that is not UID 0 (tried default user, @tryusers) or there was a problem running 'id' in the container.");
488 if ($Job->{arvados_sdk_version}) {
489 # The job also specifies an Arvados SDK version. Add the SDKs to the
490 # tar file for the build script to install.
491 Log(undef, sprintf("Packing Arvados SDK version %s for installation",
492 $Job->{arvados_sdk_version}));
493 add_git_archive("git", "--git-dir=$git_dir", "archive",
494 "--prefix=.arvados.sdk/",
495 $Job->{arvados_sdk_version}, "sdk");
499 if (!defined $git_dir && $Job->{'script_version'} =~ m{^/}) {
500 # If script_version looks like an absolute path, *and* the --git-dir
501 # argument was not given -- which implies we were not invoked by
502 # crunch-dispatch -- we will use the given path as a working
503 # directory instead of resolving script_version to a git commit (or
504 # doing anything else with git).
505 $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC_COMMIT"} = $Job->{'script_version'};
506 $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC"} = $Job->{'script_version'};
509 # Resolve the given script_version to a git commit sha1. Also, if
510 # the repository is remote, clone it into our local filesystem: this
511 # ensures "git archive" will work, and is necessary to reliably
512 # resolve a symbolic script_version like "master^".
513 $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC"} = "$ENV{CRUNCH_TMP}/src";
515 Log (undef, "Looking for version ".$Job->{script_version}." from repository ".$Job->{repository});
517 $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC_COMMIT"} = $Job->{script_version};
519 # If we're running under crunch-dispatch, it will have already
520 # pulled the appropriate source tree into its own repository, and
521 # given us that repo's path as $git_dir.
523 # If we're running a "local" job, we might have to fetch content
524 # from a remote repository.
526 # (Currently crunch-dispatch gives a local path with --git-dir, but
527 # we might as well accept URLs there too in case it changes its
529 my $repo = $git_dir || $Job->{'repository'};
531 # Repository can be remote or local. If remote, we'll need to fetch it
532 # to a local dir before doing `git log` et al.
535 if ($repo =~ m{://|^[^/]*:}) {
536 # $repo is a git url we can clone, like git:// or https:// or
537 # file:/// or [user@]host:repo.git. Note "user/name@host:foo" is
538 # not recognized here because distinguishing that from a local
539 # path is too fragile. If you really need something strange here,
540 # use the ssh:// form.
541 $repo_location = 'remote';
542 } elsif ($repo =~ m{^\.*/}) {
543 # $repo is a local path to a git index. We'll also resolve ../foo
544 # to ../foo/.git if the latter is a directory. To help
545 # disambiguate local paths from named hosted repositories, this
546 # form must be given as ./ or ../ if it's a relative path.
547 if (-d "$repo/.git") {
548 $repo = "$repo/.git";
550 $repo_location = 'local';
552 # $repo is none of the above. It must be the name of a hosted
554 my $arv_repo_list = api_call("repositories/list",
555 'filters' => [['name','=',$repo]]);
556 my @repos_found = @{$arv_repo_list->{'items'}};
557 my $n_found = $arv_repo_list->{'serverResponse'}->{'items_available'};
559 Log(undef, "Repository '$repo' -> "
560 . join(", ", map { $_->{'uuid'} } @repos_found));
563 croak("Error: Found $n_found repositories with name '$repo'.");
565 $repo = $repos_found[0]->{'fetch_url'};
566 $repo_location = 'remote';
568 Log(undef, "Using $repo_location repository '$repo'");
569 $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC_URL"} = $repo;
571 # Resolve given script_version (we'll call that $treeish here) to a
572 # commit sha1 ($commit).
573 my $treeish = $Job->{'script_version'};
575 if ($repo_location eq 'remote') {
576 # We minimize excess object-fetching by re-using the same bare
577 # repository in CRUNCH_TMP/.git for multiple crunch-jobs -- we
578 # just keep adding remotes to it as needed.
579 my $local_repo = $ENV{'CRUNCH_TMP'}."/.git";
580 my $gitcmd = "git --git-dir=\Q$local_repo\E";
582 # Set up our local repo for caching remote objects, making
584 if (!-d $local_repo) {
585 make_path($local_repo) or croak("Error: could not create $local_repo");
587 # This works (exits 0 and doesn't delete fetched objects) even
588 # if $local_repo is already initialized:
589 `$gitcmd init --bare`;
591 croak("Error: $gitcmd init --bare exited ".exit_status_s($?));
594 # If $treeish looks like a hash (or abbrev hash) we look it up in
595 # our local cache first, since that's cheaper. (We don't want to
596 # do that with tags/branches though -- those change over time, so
597 # they should always be resolved by the remote repo.)
598 if ($treeish =~ /^[0-9a-f]{7,40}$/s) {
599 # Hide stderr because it's normal for this to fail:
600 my $sha1 = `$gitcmd rev-list -n1 ''\Q$treeish\E 2>/dev/null`;
602 # Careful not to resolve a branch named abcdeff to commit 1234567:
603 $sha1 =~ /^$treeish/ &&
604 $sha1 =~ /^([0-9a-f]{40})$/s) {
606 Log(undef, "Commit $commit already present in $local_repo");
610 if (!defined $commit) {
611 # If $treeish isn't just a hash or abbrev hash, or isn't here
612 # yet, we need to fetch the remote to resolve it correctly.
614 # First, remove all local heads. This prevents a name that does
615 # not exist on the remote from resolving to (or colliding with)
616 # a previously fetched branch or tag (possibly from a different
618 remove_tree("$local_repo/refs/heads", {keep_root => 1});
620 Log(undef, "Fetching objects from $repo to $local_repo");
621 `$gitcmd fetch --no-progress --tags ''\Q$repo\E \Q+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*\E`;
623 croak("Error: `$gitcmd fetch` exited ".exit_status_s($?));
627 # Now that the data is all here, we will use our local repo for
628 # the rest of our git activities.
632 my $gitcmd = "git --git-dir=\Q$repo\E";
633 my $sha1 = `$gitcmd rev-list -n1 ''\Q$treeish\E`;
634 unless ($? == 0 && $sha1 =~ /^([0-9a-f]{40})$/) {
635 croak("`$gitcmd rev-list` exited "
637 .", '$treeish' not found, giving up");
640 Log(undef, "Version $treeish is commit $commit");
642 if ($commit ne $Job->{'script_version'}) {
643 # Record the real commit id in the database, frozentokey, logs,
644 # etc. -- instead of an abbreviation or a branch name which can
645 # become ambiguous or point to a different commit in the future.
646 if (!$Job->update_attributes('script_version' => $commit)) {
647 croak("Error: failed to update job's script_version attribute");
651 $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC_COMMIT"} = $commit;
652 add_git_archive("$gitcmd archive ''\Q$commit\E");
655 my $git_archive = combined_git_archive();
656 if (!defined $git_archive) {
657 Log(undef, "Skip install phase (no git archive)");
659 Log(undef, "Warning: This probably means workers have no source tree!");
664 my $install_script_tries_left = 3;
665 for (my $attempts = 0; $attempts < 3; $attempts++) {
666 Log(undef, "Run install script on all workers");
668 my @srunargs = ("srun",
669 "--nodelist=$nodelist",
670 "-D", $ENV{'TMPDIR'}, "--job-name=$job_id");
671 my @execargs = ("sh", "-c",
672 "mkdir -p $ENV{CRUNCH_INSTALL} && cd $ENV{CRUNCH_TMP} && perl -");
674 $ENV{"CRUNCH_GIT_ARCHIVE_HASH"} = md5_hex($git_archive);
675 my ($install_stderr_r, $install_stderr_w);
676 pipe $install_stderr_r, $install_stderr_w or croak("pipe() failed: $!");
677 set_nonblocking($install_stderr_r);
678 my $installpid = fork();
679 if ($installpid == 0)
681 close($install_stderr_r);
682 fcntl($install_stderr_w, F_SETFL, 0) or croak($!); # no close-on-exec
683 open(STDOUT, ">&", $install_stderr_w);
684 open(STDERR, ">&", $install_stderr_w);
685 srun (\@srunargs, \@execargs, {}, $build_script . $git_archive);
688 close($install_stderr_w);
689 # Tell freeze_if_want_freeze how to kill the child, otherwise the
690 # "waitpid(installpid)" loop won't get interrupted by a freeze:
691 $proc{$installpid} = {};
693 # Track whether anything appears on stderr other than slurm errors
694 # ("srun: ...") and the "starting: ..." message printed by the
695 # srun subroutine itself:
696 my $stderr_anything_from_script = 0;
697 my $match_our_own_errors = '^(srun: error: |starting: \[)';
698 while ($installpid != waitpid(-1, WNOHANG)) {
699 freeze_if_want_freeze ($installpid);
700 # Wait up to 0.1 seconds for something to appear on stderr, then
701 # do a non-blocking read.
702 my $bits = fhbits($install_stderr_r);
703 select ($bits, undef, $bits, 0.1);
704 if (0 < sysread ($install_stderr_r, $stderr_buf, 8192, length($stderr_buf)))
706 while ($stderr_buf =~ /^(.*?)\n/) {
708 substr $stderr_buf, 0, 1+length($line), "";
709 Log(undef, "stderr $line");
710 if ($line !~ /$match_our_own_errors/) {
711 $stderr_anything_from_script = 1;
716 delete $proc{$installpid};
717 $install_exited = $?;
718 close($install_stderr_r);
719 if (length($stderr_buf) > 0) {
720 if ($stderr_buf !~ /$match_our_own_errors/) {
721 $stderr_anything_from_script = 1;
723 Log(undef, "stderr $stderr_buf")
726 Log (undef, "Install script exited ".exit_status_s($install_exited));
727 last if $install_exited == 0 || $main::please_freeze;
728 # If the install script fails but doesn't print an error message,
729 # the next thing anyone is likely to do is just run it again in
730 # case it was a transient problem like "slurm communication fails
731 # because the network isn't reliable enough". So we'll just do
732 # that ourselves (up to 3 attempts in total). OTOH, if there is an
733 # error message, the problem is more likely to have a real fix and
734 # we should fail the job so the fixing process can start, instead
735 # of doing 2 more attempts.
736 last if $stderr_anything_from_script;
739 foreach my $tar_filename (map { tar_filename_n($_); } (1..$git_tar_count)) {
740 unlink($tar_filename);
743 if ($install_exited != 0) {
748 foreach (qw (script script_version script_parameters runtime_constraints))
752 (ref($Job->{$_}) ? JSON::encode_json($Job->{$_}) : $Job->{$_}));
754 foreach (split (/\n/, $Job->{knobs}))
756 Log (undef, "knob " . $_);
761 $main::success = undef;
767 my $thisround_succeeded = 0;
768 my $thisround_failed = 0;
769 my $thisround_failed_multiple = 0;
770 my $working_slot_count = scalar(@slot);
772 @jobstep_todo = sort { $jobstep[$a]->{level} <=> $jobstep[$b]->{level}
773 or $a <=> $b } @jobstep_todo;
774 my $level = $jobstep[$jobstep_todo[0]]->{level};
776 my $initial_tasks_this_level = 0;
777 foreach my $id (@jobstep_todo) {
778 $initial_tasks_this_level++ if ($jobstep[$id]->{level} == $level);
781 # If the number of tasks scheduled at this level #T is smaller than the number
782 # of slots available #S, only use the first #T slots, or the first slot on
783 # each node, whichever number is greater.
785 # When we dispatch tasks later, we'll allocate whole-node resources like RAM
786 # based on these numbers. Using fewer slots makes more resources available
787 # to each individual task, which should normally be a better strategy when
788 # there are fewer of them running with less parallelism.
790 # Note that this calculation is not redone if the initial tasks at
791 # this level queue more tasks at the same level. This may harm
792 # overall task throughput for that level.
794 if ($initial_tasks_this_level < @node) {
795 @freeslot = (0..$#node);
796 } elsif ($initial_tasks_this_level < @slot) {
797 @freeslot = (0..$initial_tasks_this_level - 1);
799 @freeslot = (0..$#slot);
801 my $round_num_freeslots = scalar(@freeslot);
803 my %round_max_slots = ();
804 for (my $ii = $#freeslot; $ii >= 0; $ii--) {
805 my $this_slot = $slot[$freeslot[$ii]];
806 my $node_name = $this_slot->{node}->{name};
807 $round_max_slots{$node_name} ||= $this_slot->{cpu};
808 last if (scalar(keys(%round_max_slots)) >= @node);
811 Log(undef, "start level $level with $round_num_freeslots slots");
814 my $progress_is_dirty = 1;
815 my $progress_stats_updated = 0;
817 update_progress_stats();
821 for (my $todo_ptr = 0; $todo_ptr <= $#jobstep_todo; $todo_ptr ++)
823 my $id = $jobstep_todo[$todo_ptr];
824 my $Jobstep = $jobstep[$id];
825 if ($Jobstep->{level} != $level)
830 pipe $reader{$id}, "writer" or croak("pipe() failed: $!");
831 set_nonblocking($reader{$id});
833 my $childslot = $freeslot[0];
834 my $childnode = $slot[$childslot]->{node};
835 my $childslotname = join (".",
836 $slot[$childslot]->{node}->{name},
837 $slot[$childslot]->{cpu});
839 my $childpid = fork();
842 $SIG{'INT'} = 'DEFAULT';
843 $SIG{'QUIT'} = 'DEFAULT';
844 $SIG{'TERM'} = 'DEFAULT';
846 foreach (values (%reader))
850 fcntl ("writer", F_SETFL, 0) or croak ($!); # no close-on-exec
851 open(STDOUT,">&writer");
852 open(STDERR,">&writer");
857 delete $ENV{"GNUPGHOME"};
858 $ENV{"TASK_UUID"} = $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{'uuid'};
859 $ENV{"TASK_QSEQUENCE"} = $id;
860 $ENV{"TASK_SEQUENCE"} = $level;
861 $ENV{"JOB_SCRIPT"} = $Job->{script};
862 while (my ($param, $value) = each %{$Job->{script_parameters}}) {
863 $param =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/;
864 $ENV{"JOB_PARAMETER_$param"} = $value;
866 $ENV{"TASK_SLOT_NODE"} = $slot[$childslot]->{node}->{name};
867 $ENV{"TASK_SLOT_NUMBER"} = $slot[$childslot]->{cpu};
868 $ENV{"TASK_WORK"} = $ENV{"CRUNCH_TMP"}."/task/$childslotname";
869 $ENV{"HOME"} = $ENV{"TASK_WORK"};
870 $ENV{"TASK_KEEPMOUNT"} = $ENV{"TASK_WORK"}.".keep";
871 $ENV{"TASK_TMPDIR"} = $ENV{"TASK_WORK"}; # deprecated
872 $ENV{"CRUNCH_NODE_SLOTS"} = $round_max_slots{$ENV{TASK_SLOT_NODE}};
873 $ENV{"PATH"} = $ENV{"CRUNCH_INSTALL"} . "/bin:" . $ENV{"PATH"};
879 "--nodelist=".$childnode->{name},
880 qw(-n1 -c1 -N1 -D), $ENV{'TMPDIR'},
881 "--job-name=$job_id.$id.$$",
884 my $stdbuf = " stdbuf --output=0 --error=0 ";
887 "if [ -e $ENV{TASK_WORK} ]; then rm -rf $ENV{TASK_WORK}; fi; "
888 ."mkdir -p $ENV{CRUNCH_TMP} $ENV{JOB_WORK} $ENV{TASK_WORK} $ENV{TASK_KEEPMOUNT} "
889 ."&& cd $ENV{CRUNCH_TMP} "
890 # These environment variables get used explicitly later in
891 # $command. No tool is expected to read these values directly.
892 .q{&& MEM=$(awk '($1 == "MemTotal:"){print $2}' </proc/meminfo) }
893 .q{&& SWAP=$(awk '($1 == "SwapTotal:"){print $2}' </proc/meminfo) }
894 ."&& MEMLIMIT=\$(( (\$MEM * 95) / ($ENV{CRUNCH_NODE_SLOTS} * 100) )) "
895 ."&& let SWAPLIMIT=\$MEMLIMIT+\$SWAP ";
896 $command .= "&& exec arv-mount --by-pdh --allow-other $ENV{TASK_KEEPMOUNT} --exec ";
899 my $containername = "$Jobstep->{arvados_task}->{uuid}-$Jobstep->{failures}";
900 my $cidfile = "$ENV{CRUNCH_TMP}/$containername.cid";
901 $command .= "crunchstat -cgroup-root=/sys/fs/cgroup -cgroup-parent=docker -cgroup-cid=$cidfile -poll=10000 ";
902 $command .= "$docker_bin run --name=$containername --attach=stdout --attach=stderr --attach=stdin -i \Q$dockeruserarg\E --cidfile=$cidfile --sig-proxy ";
903 # We only set memory limits if Docker lets us limit both memory and swap.
904 # Memory limits alone have been supported longer, but subprocesses tend
905 # to get SIGKILL if they exceed that without any swap limit set.
906 # See #5642 for additional background.
907 if ($docker_limitmem) {
908 $command .= "--memory=\${MEMLIMIT}k --memory-swap=\${SWAPLIMIT}k ";
911 # The source tree and $destdir directory (which we have
912 # installed on the worker host) are available in the container,
913 # under the same path.
914 $command .= "--volume=\Q$ENV{CRUNCH_SRC}:$ENV{CRUNCH_SRC}:ro\E ";
915 $command .= "--volume=\Q$ENV{CRUNCH_INSTALL}:$ENV{CRUNCH_INSTALL}:ro\E ";
917 # Currently, we make arv-mount's mount point appear at /keep
918 # inside the container (instead of using the same path as the
919 # host like we do with CRUNCH_SRC and CRUNCH_INSTALL). However,
920 # crunch scripts and utilities must not rely on this. They must
921 # use $TASK_KEEPMOUNT.
922 $command .= "--volume=\Q$ENV{TASK_KEEPMOUNT}:/keep:ro\E ";
923 $ENV{TASK_KEEPMOUNT} = "/keep";
925 # TASK_WORK is almost exactly like a docker data volume: it
926 # starts out empty, is writable, and persists until no
927 # containers use it any more. We don't use --volumes-from to
928 # share it with other containers: it is only accessible to this
929 # task, and it goes away when this task stops.
931 # However, a docker data volume is writable only by root unless
932 # the mount point already happens to exist in the container with
933 # different permissions. Therefore, we [1] assume /tmp already
934 # exists in the image and is writable by the crunch user; [2]
935 # avoid putting TASK_WORK inside CRUNCH_TMP (which won't be
936 # writable if they are created by docker while setting up the
937 # other --volumes); and [3] create $TASK_WORK inside the
938 # container using $build_script.
939 $command .= "--volume=/tmp ";
940 $ENV{"TASK_WORK"} = "/tmp/crunch-job-task-work/$childslotname";
941 $ENV{"HOME"} = $ENV{"TASK_WORK"};
942 $ENV{"TASK_TMPDIR"} = $ENV{"TASK_WORK"}; # deprecated
944 # TODO: Share a single JOB_WORK volume across all task
945 # containers on a given worker node, and delete it when the job
946 # ends (and, in case that doesn't work, when the next job
949 # For now, use the same approach as TASK_WORK above.
950 $ENV{"JOB_WORK"} = "/tmp/crunch-job-work";
952 while (my ($env_key, $env_val) = each %ENV)
954 if ($env_key =~ /^(ARVADOS|CRUNCH|JOB|TASK)_/) {
955 $command .= "--env=\Q$env_key=$env_val\E ";
958 $command .= "--env=\QHOME=$ENV{HOME}\E ";
959 $command .= "\Q$docker_hash\E ";
961 if ($Job->{arvados_sdk_version}) {
963 $command .= "perl - \Q$ENV{CRUNCH_SRC}/crunch_scripts/$Job->{script}\E";
965 $command .= "/bin/sh -c \'mkdir -p \"$ENV{JOB_WORK}\" \"$ENV{TASK_WORK}\" && " .
966 "if which stdbuf >/dev/null ; then " .
967 " exec $stdbuf \Q$ENV{CRUNCH_SRC}/crunch_scripts/$Job->{script}\E ;" .
969 " exec \Q$ENV{CRUNCH_SRC}/crunch_scripts/$Job->{script}\E ;" .
974 $command .= "crunchstat -cgroup-root=/sys/fs/cgroup -poll=10000 ";
976 $command .= "perl - $ENV{CRUNCH_SRC}/crunch_scripts/" . $Job->{"script"};
979 my @execargs = ('bash', '-c', $command);
980 srun (\@srunargs, \@execargs, undef, $build_script);
981 # exec() failed, we assume nothing happened.
982 die "srun() failed on build script\n";
985 if (!defined $childpid)
992 $proc{$childpid} = { jobstep => $id,
995 jobstepname => "$job_id.$id.$childpid",
997 croak ("assert failed: \$slot[$childslot]->{'pid'} exists") if exists $slot[$childslot]->{pid};
998 $slot[$childslot]->{pid} = $childpid;
1000 Log ($id, "job_task ".$Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{'uuid'});
1001 Log ($id, "child $childpid started on $childslotname");
1002 $Jobstep->{starttime} = time;
1003 $Jobstep->{node} = $childnode->{name};
1004 $Jobstep->{slotindex} = $childslot;
1005 delete $Jobstep->{stderr};
1006 delete $Jobstep->{finishtime};
1007 delete $Jobstep->{tempfail};
1009 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{started_at} = strftime "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", gmtime($Jobstep->{starttime});
1010 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->save;
1012 splice @jobstep_todo, $todo_ptr, 1;
1015 $progress_is_dirty = 1;
1019 ($round_num_freeslots > @freeslot && $todo_ptr+1 > $#jobstep_todo))
1021 last THISROUND if $main::please_freeze || defined($main::success);
1022 if ($main::please_info)
1024 $main::please_info = 0;
1026 create_output_collection();
1028 update_progress_stats();
1033 if (!$gotsome || ($latest_refresh + 2 < scalar time))
1035 check_refresh_wanted();
1037 update_progress_stats();
1038 select (undef, undef, undef, 0.1);
1040 elsif (time - $progress_stats_updated >= 30 || $progress_is_dirty)
1042 update_progress_stats();
1044 $working_slot_count = scalar(grep { $_->{node}->{fail_count} == 0 &&
1045 $_->{node}->{hold_count} < 4 } @slot);
1046 if (($thisround_failed_multiple >= 8 && $thisround_succeeded == 0) ||
1047 ($thisround_failed_multiple >= 16 && $thisround_failed_multiple > $thisround_succeeded))
1049 my $message = "Repeated failure rate too high ($thisround_failed_multiple/"
1050 .($thisround_failed+$thisround_succeeded)
1051 .") -- giving up on this round";
1052 Log (undef, $message);
1056 # move slots from freeslot to holdslot (or back to freeslot) if necessary
1057 for (my $i=$#freeslot; $i>=0; $i--) {
1058 if ($slot[$freeslot[$i]]->{node}->{hold_until} > scalar time) {
1059 push @holdslot, (splice @freeslot, $i, 1);
1062 for (my $i=$#holdslot; $i>=0; $i--) {
1063 if ($slot[$holdslot[$i]]->{node}->{hold_until} <= scalar time) {
1064 push @freeslot, (splice @holdslot, $i, 1);
1068 # give up if no nodes are succeeding
1069 if ($working_slot_count < 1) {
1070 Log(undef, "Every node has failed -- giving up");
1077 push @freeslot, splice @holdslot;
1078 map { $slot[$freeslot[$_]]->{node}->{losing_streak} = 0 } (0..$#freeslot);
1081 Log (undef, "wait for last ".(scalar keys %proc)." children to finish");
1084 if ($main::please_continue) {
1085 $main::please_continue = 0;
1088 $main::please_info = 0, freeze(), create_output_collection(), save_meta(1) if $main::please_info;
1090 if (!reapchildren())
1092 check_refresh_wanted();
1094 update_progress_stats();
1095 select (undef, undef, undef, 0.1);
1096 killem (keys %proc) if $main::please_freeze;
1100 update_progress_stats();
1101 freeze_if_want_freeze();
1104 if (!defined $main::success)
1106 if (!@jobstep_todo) {
1108 } elsif ($working_slot_count < 1) {
1109 save_output_collection();
1111 exit(EX_RETRY_UNLOCKED);
1112 } elsif ($thisround_succeeded == 0 &&
1113 ($thisround_failed == 0 || $thisround_failed > 4)) {
1114 my $message = "stop because $thisround_failed tasks failed and none succeeded";
1115 Log (undef, $message);
1120 goto ONELEVEL if !defined $main::success;
1123 release_allocation();
1125 my $collated_output = save_output_collection();
1126 Log (undef, "finish");
1131 if ($collated_output && $main::success) {
1132 $final_state = 'Complete';
1134 $final_state = 'Failed';
1136 $Job->update_attributes('state' => $final_state);
1138 exit (($final_state eq 'Complete') ? 0 : 1);
1142 sub update_progress_stats
1144 $progress_stats_updated = time;
1145 return if !$progress_is_dirty;
1146 my ($todo, $done, $running) = (scalar @jobstep_todo,
1147 scalar @jobstep_done,
1148 scalar keys(%proc));
1149 $Job->{'tasks_summary'} ||= {};
1150 $Job->{'tasks_summary'}->{'todo'} = $todo;
1151 $Job->{'tasks_summary'}->{'done'} = $done;
1152 $Job->{'tasks_summary'}->{'running'} = $running;
1153 $Job->update_attributes('tasks_summary' => $Job->{'tasks_summary'});
1154 Log (undef, "status: $done done, $running running, $todo todo");
1155 $progress_is_dirty = 0;
1162 my $pid = waitpid (-1, WNOHANG);
1163 return 0 if $pid <= 0;
1165 my $whatslot = ($slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{name}
1167 . $slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{cpu});
1168 my $jobstepid = $proc{$pid}->{jobstep};
1169 my $elapsed = time - $proc{$pid}->{time};
1170 my $Jobstep = $jobstep[$jobstepid];
1172 my $childstatus = $?;
1173 my $exitvalue = $childstatus >> 8;
1174 my $exitinfo = "exit ".exit_status_s($childstatus);
1175 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->reload;
1176 my $task_success = $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{success};
1178 Log ($jobstepid, "child $pid on $whatslot $exitinfo success=$task_success");
1180 if (!defined $task_success) {
1181 # task did not indicate one way or the other --> fail
1182 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{success} = 0;
1183 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->save;
1190 $temporary_fail ||= $Jobstep->{tempfail};
1191 $temporary_fail ||= ($exitvalue == TASK_TEMPFAIL);
1193 ++$thisround_failed;
1194 ++$thisround_failed_multiple if $Jobstep->{'failures'} >= 1;
1196 # Check for signs of a failed or misconfigured node
1197 if (++$slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{losing_streak} >=
1198 2+$slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{ncpus}) {
1199 # Don't count this against jobstep failure thresholds if this
1200 # node is already suspected faulty and srun exited quickly
1201 if ($slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{hold_until} &&
1203 Log ($jobstepid, "blaming failure on suspect node " .
1204 $slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{name});
1205 $temporary_fail ||= 1;
1207 ban_node_by_slot($proc{$pid}->{slot});
1210 Log ($jobstepid, sprintf('failure (#%d, %s) after %d seconds',
1211 ++$Jobstep->{'failures'},
1212 $temporary_fail ? 'temporary' : 'permanent',
1215 if (!$temporary_fail || $Jobstep->{'failures'} >= 3) {
1216 # Give up on this task, and the whole job
1219 # Put this task back on the todo queue
1220 push @jobstep_todo, $jobstepid;
1221 $Job->{'tasks_summary'}->{'failed'}++;
1225 ++$thisround_succeeded;
1226 $slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{losing_streak} = 0;
1227 $slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{hold_until} = 0;
1228 $slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{node}->{fail_count} = 0;
1229 push @jobstep_done, $jobstepid;
1230 Log ($jobstepid, "success in $elapsed seconds");
1232 $Jobstep->{exitcode} = $childstatus;
1233 $Jobstep->{finishtime} = time;
1234 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{finished_at} = strftime "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", gmtime($Jobstep->{finishtime});
1235 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->save;
1236 process_stderr ($jobstepid, $task_success);
1237 Log ($jobstepid, sprintf("task output (%d bytes): %s",
1238 length($Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{output}),
1239 $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{output}));
1241 close $reader{$jobstepid};
1242 delete $reader{$jobstepid};
1243 delete $slot[$proc{$pid}->{slot}]->{pid};
1244 push @freeslot, $proc{$pid}->{slot};
1247 if ($task_success) {
1249 my $newtask_list = [];
1250 my $newtask_results;
1252 $newtask_results = api_call(
1255 'created_by_job_task_uuid' => $Jobstep->{'arvados_task'}->{uuid}
1257 'order' => 'qsequence',
1258 'offset' => scalar(@$newtask_list),
1260 push(@$newtask_list, @{$newtask_results->{items}});
1261 } while (@{$newtask_results->{items}});
1262 foreach my $arvados_task (@$newtask_list) {
1264 'level' => $arvados_task->{'sequence'},
1266 'arvados_task' => $arvados_task
1268 push @jobstep, $jobstep;
1269 push @jobstep_todo, $#jobstep;
1273 $progress_is_dirty = 1;
1277 sub check_refresh_wanted
1279 my @stat = stat $ENV{"CRUNCH_REFRESH_TRIGGER"};
1280 if (@stat && $stat[9] > $latest_refresh) {
1281 $latest_refresh = scalar time;
1282 my $Job2 = api_call("jobs/get", uuid => $jobspec);
1283 for my $attr ('cancelled_at',
1284 'cancelled_by_user_uuid',
1285 'cancelled_by_client_uuid',
1287 $Job->{$attr} = $Job2->{$attr};
1289 if ($Job->{'state'} ne "Running") {
1290 if ($Job->{'state'} eq "Cancelled") {
1291 Log (undef, "Job cancelled at " . $Job->{'cancelled_at'} . " by user " . $Job->{'cancelled_by_user_uuid'});
1293 Log (undef, "Job state unexpectedly changed to " . $Job->{'state'});
1296 $main::please_freeze = 1;
1303 my $last_squeue_check = $squeue_checked;
1305 # Do not call `squeue` or check the kill list more than once every
1307 return if $last_squeue_check > time - 15;
1308 $squeue_checked = time;
1310 # Look for children from which we haven't received stderr data since
1311 # the last squeue check. If no such children exist, all procs are
1312 # alive and there's no need to even look at squeue.
1314 # As long as the crunchstat poll interval (10s) is shorter than the
1315 # squeue check interval (15s) this should make the squeue check an
1317 my $silent_procs = 0;
1318 for my $jobstep (values %proc)
1320 if ($jobstep->{stderr_at} < $last_squeue_check)
1325 return if $silent_procs == 0;
1327 # use killem() on procs whose killtime is reached
1328 while (my ($pid, $jobstep) = each %proc)
1330 if (exists $jobstep->{killtime}
1331 && $jobstep->{killtime} <= time
1332 && $jobstep->{stderr_at} < $last_squeue_check)
1335 if ($jobstep->{stderr_at}) {
1336 $sincewhen = " in last " . (time - $jobstep->{stderr_at}) . "s";
1338 Log($jobstep->{jobstep}, "killing orphaned srun process $pid (task not in slurm queue, no stderr received$sincewhen)");
1345 # here is an opportunity to check for mysterious problems with local procs
1349 # Get a list of steps still running. Note: squeue(1) says --steps
1350 # selects a format (which we override anyway) and allows us to
1351 # specify which steps we're interested in (which we don't).
1352 # Importantly, it also changes the meaning of %j from "job name" to
1353 # "step name" and (although this isn't mentioned explicitly in the
1354 # docs) switches from "one line per job" mode to "one line per step"
1355 # mode. Without it, we'd just get a list of one job, instead of a
1357 my @squeue = `squeue --jobs=\Q$ENV{SLURM_JOB_ID}\E --steps --format='%j' --noheader`;
1360 Log(undef, "warning: squeue exit status $? ($!)");
1365 # which of my jobsteps are running, according to squeue?
1367 for my $jobstepname (@squeue)
1369 $ok{$jobstepname} = 1;
1372 # Check for child procs >60s old and not mentioned by squeue.
1373 while (my ($pid, $jobstep) = each %proc)
1375 if ($jobstep->{time} < time - 60
1376 && $jobstep->{jobstepname}
1377 && !exists $ok{$jobstep->{jobstepname}}
1378 && !exists $jobstep->{killtime})
1380 # According to slurm, this task has ended (successfully or not)
1381 # -- but our srun child hasn't exited. First we must wait (30
1382 # seconds) in case this is just a race between communication
1383 # channels. Then, if our srun child process still hasn't
1384 # terminated, we'll conclude some slurm communication
1385 # error/delay has caused the task to die without notifying srun,
1386 # and we'll kill srun ourselves.
1387 $jobstep->{killtime} = time + 30;
1388 Log($jobstep->{jobstep}, "notice: task is not in slurm queue but srun process $pid has not exited");
1394 sub release_allocation
1398 Log (undef, "release job allocation");
1399 system "scancel $ENV{SLURM_JOB_ID}";
1407 foreach my $job (keys %reader)
1410 while (0 < sysread ($reader{$job}, $buf, 8192))
1412 print STDERR $buf if $ENV{CRUNCH_DEBUG};
1413 $jobstep[$job]->{stderr_at} = time;
1414 $jobstep[$job]->{stderr} .= $buf;
1415 preprocess_stderr ($job);
1416 if (length ($jobstep[$job]->{stderr}) > 16384)
1418 substr ($jobstep[$job]->{stderr}, 0, 8192) = "";
1427 sub preprocess_stderr
1431 while ($jobstep[$job]->{stderr} =~ /^(.*?)\n/) {
1433 substr $jobstep[$job]->{stderr}, 0, 1+length($line), "";
1434 Log ($job, "stderr $line");
1435 if ($line =~ /srun: error: (SLURM job $ENV{SLURM_JOB_ID} has expired|Unable to confirm allocation for job $ENV{SLURM_JOB_ID})/) {
1437 $main::please_freeze = 1;
1439 elsif ($line =~ /srun: error: Node failure on/) {
1440 my $job_slot_index = $jobstep[$job]->{slotindex};
1441 $slot[$job_slot_index]->{node}->{fail_count}++;
1442 $jobstep[$job]->{tempfail} = 1;
1443 ban_node_by_slot($job_slot_index);
1445 elsif ($line =~ /srun: error: (Unable to create job step|.*: Communication connection failure)/) {
1446 $jobstep[$job]->{tempfail} = 1;
1447 ban_node_by_slot($jobstep[$job]->{slotindex});
1449 elsif ($line =~ /arvados\.errors\.Keep/) {
1450 $jobstep[$job]->{tempfail} = 1;
1459 my $task_success = shift;
1460 preprocess_stderr ($job);
1463 Log ($job, "stderr $_");
1464 } split ("\n", $jobstep[$job]->{stderr});
1471 if (!open($keep, "-|", "arv-get", "--retries", retry_count(), $hash)) {
1472 Log(undef, "fetch_block run error from arv-get $hash: $!");
1475 my $output_block = "";
1478 my $bytes = sysread($keep, $buf, 1024 * 1024);
1479 if (!defined $bytes) {
1480 Log(undef, "fetch_block read error from arv-get: $!");
1481 $output_block = undef;
1483 } elsif ($bytes == 0) {
1484 # sysread returns 0 at the end of the pipe.
1487 # some bytes were read into buf.
1488 $output_block .= $buf;
1493 Log(undef, "fetch_block arv-get exited " . exit_status_s($?));
1494 $output_block = undef;
1496 return $output_block;
1499 # Create a collection by concatenating the output of all tasks (each
1500 # task's output is either a manifest fragment, a locator for a
1501 # manifest fragment stored in Keep, or nothing at all). Return the
1502 # portable_data_hash of the new collection.
1503 sub create_output_collection
1505 Log (undef, "collate");
1507 my ($child_out, $child_in);
1508 my $pid = open2($child_out, $child_in, 'python', '-c', q{
1511 print (arvados.api("v1").collections().
1512 create(body={"manifest_text": sys.stdin.read()}).
1513 execute(num_retries=int(sys.argv[1]))["portable_data_hash"])
1517 my $manifest_size = 0;
1521 my $output = $_->{'arvados_task'}->{output};
1522 next if (!defined($output));
1524 if ($output =~ /^[0-9a-f]{32}(\+\S+)*$/) {
1525 $next_write = fetch_block($output);
1527 $next_write = $output;
1529 if (defined($next_write)) {
1530 if (!defined(syswrite($child_in, $next_write))) {
1531 # There's been an error writing. Stop the loop.
1532 # We'll log details about the exit code later.
1535 $manifest_size += length($next_write);
1538 my $uuid = $_->{'arvados_task'}->{'uuid'};
1539 Log (undef, "Error retrieving '$output' output by task $task_idx ($uuid)");
1544 Log(undef, "collated output manifest text to send to API server is $manifest_size bytes with access tokens");
1547 my $s = IO::Select->new($child_out);
1548 if ($s->can_read(120)) {
1549 sysread($child_out, $joboutput, 1024 * 1024);
1552 Log(undef, "output collection creation exited " . exit_status_s($?));
1558 Log (undef, "timed out while creating output collection");
1559 foreach my $signal (2, 2, 2, 15, 15, 9) {
1560 kill($signal, $pid);
1561 last if waitpid($pid, WNOHANG) == -1;
1570 # Calls create_output_collection, logs the result, and returns it.
1571 # If that was successful, save that as the output in the job record.
1572 sub save_output_collection {
1573 my $collated_output = create_output_collection();
1575 if (!$collated_output) {
1576 Log(undef, "Failed to write output collection");
1579 Log(undef, "job output $collated_output");
1580 $Job->update_attributes('output' => $collated_output);
1582 return $collated_output;
1589 my $sig = 2; # SIGINT first
1590 if (exists $proc{$_}->{"sent_$sig"} &&
1591 time - $proc{$_}->{"sent_$sig"} > 4)
1593 $sig = 15; # SIGTERM if SIGINT doesn't work
1595 if (exists $proc{$_}->{"sent_$sig"} &&
1596 time - $proc{$_}->{"sent_$sig"} > 4)
1598 $sig = 9; # SIGKILL if SIGTERM doesn't work
1600 if (!exists $proc{$_}->{"sent_$sig"})
1602 Log ($proc{$_}->{jobstep}, "sending 2x signal $sig to pid $_");
1604 select (undef, undef, undef, 0.1);
1607 kill $sig, $_; # srun wants two SIGINT to really interrupt
1609 $proc{$_}->{"sent_$sig"} = time;
1610 $proc{$_}->{"killedafter"} = time - $proc{$_}->{"time"};
1620 vec($bits,fileno($_),1) = 1;
1626 # Send log output to Keep via arv-put.
1628 # $log_pipe_in and $log_pipe_out are the input and output filehandles to the arv-put pipe.
1629 # $log_pipe_out_buf is a string containing all output read from arv-put so far.
1630 # $log_pipe_out_select is an IO::Select object around $log_pipe_out.
1631 # $log_pipe_pid is the pid of the arv-put subprocess.
1633 # The only functions that should access these variables directly are:
1635 # log_writer_start($logfilename)
1636 # Starts an arv-put pipe, reading data on stdin and writing it to
1637 # a $logfilename file in an output collection.
1639 # log_writer_read_output([$timeout])
1640 # Read output from $log_pipe_out and append it to $log_pipe_out_buf.
1641 # Passes $timeout to the select() call, with a default of 0.01.
1642 # Returns the result of the last read() call on $log_pipe_out, or
1643 # -1 if read() wasn't called because select() timed out.
1644 # Only other log_writer_* functions should need to call this.
1646 # log_writer_send($txt)
1647 # Writes $txt to the output log collection.
1649 # log_writer_finish()
1650 # Closes the arv-put pipe and returns the output that it produces.
1652 # log_writer_is_active()
1653 # Returns a true value if there is currently a live arv-put
1654 # process, false otherwise.
1656 my ($log_pipe_in, $log_pipe_out, $log_pipe_out_buf, $log_pipe_out_select,
1659 sub log_writer_start($)
1661 my $logfilename = shift;
1662 $log_pipe_pid = open2($log_pipe_out, $log_pipe_in,
1666 '--filename', $logfilename,
1668 $log_pipe_out_buf = "";
1669 $log_pipe_out_select = IO::Select->new($log_pipe_out);
1672 sub log_writer_read_output {
1673 my $timeout = shift || 0.01;
1675 while ($read && $log_pipe_out_select->can_read($timeout)) {
1676 $read = read($log_pipe_out, $log_pipe_out_buf, 65536,
1677 length($log_pipe_out_buf));
1679 if (!defined($read)) {
1680 Log(undef, "error reading log manifest from arv-put: $!");
1685 sub log_writer_send($)
1688 print $log_pipe_in $txt;
1689 log_writer_read_output();
1692 sub log_writer_finish()
1694 return unless $log_pipe_pid;
1696 close($log_pipe_in);
1698 my $read_result = log_writer_read_output(120);
1699 if ($read_result == -1) {
1700 Log (undef, "timed out reading from 'arv-put'");
1701 } elsif ($read_result != 0) {
1702 Log(undef, "failed to read arv-put log manifest to EOF");
1705 waitpid($log_pipe_pid, 0);
1707 Log(undef, "log_writer_finish: arv-put exited " . exit_status_s($?))
1710 close($log_pipe_out);
1711 my $arv_put_output = $log_pipe_out_buf;
1712 $log_pipe_pid = $log_pipe_in = $log_pipe_out = $log_pipe_out_buf =
1713 $log_pipe_out_select = undef;
1715 return $arv_put_output;
1718 sub log_writer_is_active() {
1719 return $log_pipe_pid;
1722 sub Log # ($jobstep_id, $logmessage)
1724 if ($_[1] =~ /\n/) {
1725 for my $line (split (/\n/, $_[1])) {
1730 my $fh = select STDERR; $|=1; select $fh;
1731 my $message = sprintf ("%s %d %s %s", $job_id, $$, @_);
1732 $message =~ s{([^ -\176])}{"\\" . sprintf ("%03o", ord($1))}ge;
1735 if (log_writer_is_active() || -t STDERR) {
1736 my @gmtime = gmtime;
1737 $datetime = sprintf ("%04d-%02d-%02d_%02d:%02d:%02d",
1738 $gmtime[5]+1900, $gmtime[4]+1, @gmtime[3,2,1,0]);
1740 print STDERR ((-t STDERR) ? ($datetime." ".$message) : $message);
1742 if (log_writer_is_active()) {
1743 log_writer_send($datetime . " " . $message);
1750 my ($package, $file, $line) = caller;
1751 my $message = "@_ at $file line $line\n";
1752 Log (undef, $message);
1753 freeze() if @jobstep_todo;
1754 create_output_collection() if @jobstep_todo;
1764 if ($Job->{'state'} eq 'Cancelled') {
1765 $Job->update_attributes('finished_at' => scalar gmtime);
1767 $Job->update_attributes('state' => 'Failed');
1774 my $justcheckpoint = shift; # false if this will be the last meta saved
1775 return if $justcheckpoint; # checkpointing is not relevant post-Warehouse.pm
1776 return unless log_writer_is_active();
1778 my $log_manifest = "";
1780 my $prev_log_coll = api_call("collections/get", uuid => $Job->{log});
1781 $log_manifest .= $prev_log_coll->{manifest_text};
1783 $log_manifest .= log_writer_finish();
1785 my $log_coll = api_call(
1786 "collections/create", ensure_unique_name => 1, collection => {
1787 manifest_text => $log_manifest,
1788 owner_uuid => $Job->{owner_uuid},
1789 name => sprintf("Log from %s job %s", $Job->{script}, $Job->{uuid}),
1791 Log(undef, "log collection is " . $log_coll->{portable_data_hash});
1792 $Job->update_attributes('log' => $log_coll->{portable_data_hash});
1796 sub freeze_if_want_freeze
1798 if ($main::please_freeze)
1800 release_allocation();
1803 # kill some srun procs before freeze+stop
1804 map { $proc{$_} = {} } @_;
1807 killem (keys %proc);
1808 select (undef, undef, undef, 0.1);
1810 while (($died = waitpid (-1, WNOHANG)) > 0)
1812 delete $proc{$died};
1817 create_output_collection();
1827 Log (undef, "Freeze not implemented");
1834 croak ("Thaw not implemented");
1850 $s =~ s{\\(.)}{$1 eq "n" ? "\n" : $1}ge;
1857 my $srunargs = shift;
1858 my $execargs = shift;
1859 my $opts = shift || {};
1861 my $args = $have_slurm ? [@$srunargs, @$execargs] : $execargs;
1863 $Data::Dumper::Terse = 1;
1864 $Data::Dumper::Indent = 0;
1865 my $show_cmd = Dumper($args);
1866 $show_cmd =~ s/(TOKEN\\*=)[^\s\']+/${1}[...]/g;
1867 $show_cmd =~ s/\n/ /g;
1868 if ($opts->{fork}) {
1869 Log(undef, "starting: $show_cmd");
1871 # This is a child process: parent is in charge of reading our
1872 # stderr and copying it to Log() if needed.
1873 warn "starting: $show_cmd\n";
1876 if (defined $stdin) {
1877 my $child = open STDIN, "-|";
1878 defined $child or die "no fork: $!";
1880 print $stdin or die $!;
1881 close STDOUT or die $!;
1886 return system (@$args) if $opts->{fork};
1889 warn "ENV size is ".length(join(" ",%ENV));
1890 die "exec failed: $!: @$args";
1894 sub ban_node_by_slot {
1895 # Don't start any new jobsteps on this node for 60 seconds
1897 $slot[$slotid]->{node}->{hold_until} = 60 + scalar time;
1898 $slot[$slotid]->{node}->{hold_count}++;
1899 Log (undef, "backing off node " . $slot[$slotid]->{node}->{name} . " for 60 seconds");
1904 my ($lockfile, $error_message) = @_;
1905 open L, ">", $lockfile or croak("$lockfile: $!");
1906 if (!flock L, LOCK_EX|LOCK_NB) {
1907 croak("Can't lock $lockfile: $error_message\n");
1911 sub find_docker_image {
1912 # Given a Keep locator, check to see if it contains a Docker image.
1913 # If so, return its stream name and Docker hash.
1914 # If not, return undef for both values.
1915 my $locator = shift;
1916 my ($streamname, $filename);
1917 my $image = api_call("collections/get", uuid => $locator);
1919 foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $image->{manifest_text})) {
1920 my @tokens = split(/\s+/, $line);
1922 $streamname = shift(@tokens);
1923 foreach my $filedata (grep(/^\d+:\d+:/, @tokens)) {
1924 if (defined($filename)) {
1925 return (undef, undef); # More than one file in the Collection.
1927 $filename = (split(/:/, $filedata, 3))[2];
1932 if (defined($filename) and ($filename =~ /^([0-9A-Fa-f]{64})\.tar$/)) {
1933 return ($streamname, $1);
1935 return (undef, undef);
1940 # Calculate the number of times an operation should be retried,
1941 # assuming exponential backoff, and that we're willing to retry as
1942 # long as tasks have been running. Enforce a minimum of 3 retries.
1943 my ($starttime, $endtime, $timediff, $retries);
1945 $starttime = $jobstep[0]->{starttime};
1946 $endtime = $jobstep[-1]->{finishtime};
1948 if (!defined($starttime)) {
1950 } elsif (!defined($endtime)) {
1951 $timediff = time - $starttime;
1953 $timediff = ($endtime - $starttime) - (time - $endtime);
1955 if ($timediff > 0) {
1956 $retries = int(log($timediff) / log(2));
1958 $retries = 1; # Use the minimum.
1960 return ($retries > 3) ? $retries : 3;
1964 # Pass in two function references.
1965 # This method will be called with the remaining arguments.
1966 # If it dies, retry it with exponential backoff until it succeeds,
1967 # or until the current retry_count is exhausted. After each failure
1968 # that can be retried, the second function will be called with
1969 # the current try count (0-based), next try time, and error message.
1970 my $operation = shift;
1971 my $retry_callback = shift;
1972 my $retries = retry_count();
1973 foreach my $try_count (0..$retries) {
1974 my $next_try = time + (2 ** $try_count);
1975 my $result = eval { $operation->(@_); };
1978 } elsif ($try_count < $retries) {
1979 $retry_callback->($try_count, $next_try, $@);
1980 my $sleep_time = $next_try - time;
1981 sleep($sleep_time) if ($sleep_time > 0);
1984 # Ensure the error message ends in a newline, so Perl doesn't add
1985 # retry_op's line number to it.
1991 # Pass in a /-separated API method name, and arguments for it.
1992 # This function will call that method, retrying as needed until
1993 # the current retry_count is exhausted, with a log on the first failure.
1994 my $method_name = shift;
1995 my $log_api_retry = sub {
1996 my ($try_count, $next_try_at, $errmsg) = @_;
1997 $errmsg =~ s/\s*\bat \Q$0\E line \d+\.?\s*//;
1998 $errmsg =~ s/\s/ /g;
1999 $errmsg =~ s/\s+$//;
2001 if ($next_try_at < time) {
2002 $retry_msg = "Retrying.";
2004 my $next_try_fmt = strftime "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ", gmtime($next_try_at);
2005 $retry_msg = "Retrying at $next_try_fmt.";
2007 Log(undef, "API method $method_name failed: $errmsg. $retry_msg");
2010 foreach my $key (split(/\//, $method_name)) {
2011 $method = $method->{$key};
2013 return retry_op(sub { $method->execute(@_); }, $log_api_retry, @_);
2017 # Given a $?, return a human-readable exit code string like "0" or
2018 # "1" or "0 with signal 1" or "1 with signal 11".
2019 my $exitcode = shift;
2020 my $s = $exitcode >> 8;
2021 if ($exitcode & 0x7f) {
2022 $s .= " with signal " . ($exitcode & 0x7f);
2024 if ($exitcode & 0x80) {
2025 $s .= " with core dump";
2030 sub handle_readall {
2031 # Pass in a glob reference to a file handle.
2032 # Read all its contents and return them as a string.
2033 my $fh_glob_ref = shift;
2035 return <$fh_glob_ref>;
2038 sub tar_filename_n {
2040 return sprintf("%s/git.%s.%d.tar", $ENV{CRUNCH_TMP}, $job_id, $n);
2043 sub add_git_archive {
2044 # Pass in a git archive command as a string or list, a la system().
2045 # This method will save its output to be included in the archive sent to the
2049 if (!open(GIT_ARCHIVE, ">", tar_filename_n($git_tar_count))) {
2050 croak("Failed to save git archive: $!");
2052 my $git_pid = open2(">&GIT_ARCHIVE", $git_input, @_);
2054 waitpid($git_pid, 0);
2057 croak("Failed to save git archive: git exited " . exit_status_s($?));
2061 sub combined_git_archive {
2062 # Combine all saved tar archives into a single archive, then return its
2063 # contents in a string. Return undef if no archives have been saved.
2064 if ($git_tar_count < 1) {
2067 my $base_tar_name = tar_filename_n(1);
2068 foreach my $tar_to_append (map { tar_filename_n($_); } (2..$git_tar_count)) {
2069 my $tar_exit = system("tar", "-Af", $base_tar_name, $tar_to_append);
2070 if ($tar_exit != 0) {
2071 croak("Error preparing build archive: tar -A exited " .
2072 exit_status_s($tar_exit));
2075 if (!open(GIT_TAR, "<", $base_tar_name)) {
2076 croak("Could not open build archive: $!");
2078 my $tar_contents = handle_readall(\*GIT_TAR);
2080 return $tar_contents;
2083 sub set_nonblocking {
2085 my $flags = fcntl ($fh, F_GETFL, 0) or croak ($!);
2086 fcntl ($fh, F_SETFL, $flags | O_NONBLOCK) or croak ($!);
2092 # This is crunch-job's internal dispatch script. crunch-job running on the API
2093 # server invokes this script on individual compute nodes, or localhost if we're
2094 # running a job locally. It gets called in two modes:
2096 # * No arguments: Installation mode. Read a tar archive from the DATA
2097 # file handle; it includes the Crunch script's source code, and
2098 # maybe SDKs as well. Those should be installed in the proper
2099 # locations. This runs outside of any Docker container, so don't try to
2100 # introspect Crunch's runtime environment.
2102 # * With arguments: Crunch script run mode. This script should set up the
2103 # environment, then run the command specified in the arguments. This runs
2104 # inside any Docker container.
2107 use File::Path qw( make_path remove_tree );
2108 use POSIX qw(getcwd);
2110 use constant TASK_TEMPFAIL => 111;
2112 # Map SDK subdirectories to the path environments they belong to.
2113 my %SDK_ENVVARS = ("perl/lib" => "PERLLIB", "ruby/lib" => "RUBYLIB");
2115 my $destdir = $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC"};
2116 my $archive_hash = $ENV{"CRUNCH_GIT_ARCHIVE_HASH"};
2117 my $repo = $ENV{"CRUNCH_SRC_URL"};
2118 my $install_dir = $ENV{"CRUNCH_INSTALL"} || (getcwd() . "/opt");
2119 my $job_work = $ENV{"JOB_WORK"};
2120 my $task_work = $ENV{"TASK_WORK"};
2122 open(STDOUT_ORIG, ">&", STDOUT);
2123 open(STDERR_ORIG, ">&", STDERR);
2125 for my $dir ($destdir, $job_work, $task_work) {
2128 -e $dir or die "Failed to create temporary directory ($dir): $!";
2133 remove_tree($task_work, {keep_root => 1});
2136 ### Crunch script run mode
2138 # We want to do routine logging during task 0 only. This gives the user
2139 # the information they need, but avoids repeating the information for every
2142 if ($ENV{TASK_SEQUENCE} eq "0") {
2145 printf STDERR_ORIG "[Crunch] $msg\n", @_;
2151 my $python_src = "$install_dir/python";
2152 my $venv_dir = "$job_work/.arvados.venv";
2153 my $venv_built = -e "$venv_dir/bin/activate";
2154 if ((!$venv_built) and (-d $python_src) and can_run("virtualenv")) {
2155 shell_or_die(undef, "virtualenv", "--quiet", "--system-site-packages",
2156 "--python=python2.7", $venv_dir);
2157 shell_or_die(TASK_TEMPFAIL, "$venv_dir/bin/pip", "--quiet", "install", "-I", $python_src);
2159 $Log->("Built Python SDK virtualenv");
2162 my $pip_bin = "pip";
2164 $Log->("Running in Python SDK virtualenv");
2165 $pip_bin = "$venv_dir/bin/pip";
2166 my $orig_argv = join(" ", map { quotemeta($_); } @ARGV);
2167 @ARGV = ("/bin/sh", "-ec",
2168 ". \Q$venv_dir/bin/activate\E; exec $orig_argv");
2169 } elsif (-d $python_src) {
2170 $Log->("Warning: virtualenv not found inside Docker container default " .
2171 "\$PATH. Can't install Python SDK.");
2174 my $pkgs = `(\Q$pip_bin\E freeze 2>/dev/null | grep arvados) || dpkg-query --show '*arvados*'`;
2176 $Log->("Using Arvados SDK:");
2177 foreach my $line (split /\n/, $pkgs) {
2181 $Log->("Arvados SDK packages not found");
2184 while (my ($sdk_dir, $sdk_envkey) = each(%SDK_ENVVARS)) {
2185 my $sdk_path = "$install_dir/$sdk_dir";
2187 if ($ENV{$sdk_envkey}) {
2188 $ENV{$sdk_envkey} = "$sdk_path:" . $ENV{$sdk_envkey};
2190 $ENV{$sdk_envkey} = $sdk_path;
2192 $Log->("Arvados SDK added to %s", $sdk_envkey);
2197 die "Cannot exec `@ARGV`: $!";
2200 ### Installation mode
2201 open L, ">", "$destdir.lock" or die "$destdir.lock: $!";
2203 if (readlink ("$destdir.archive_hash") eq $archive_hash && -d $destdir) {
2204 # This exact git archive (source + arvados sdk) is already installed
2205 # here, so there's no need to reinstall it.
2207 # We must consume our DATA section, though: otherwise the process
2208 # feeding it to us will get SIGPIPE.
2210 while (read(DATA, $buf, 65536)) { }
2215 unlink "$destdir.archive_hash";
2219 # Ignore SIGPIPE: we check retval of close() instead. See perlipc(1).
2220 local $SIG{PIPE} = "IGNORE";
2221 warn "Extracting archive: $archive_hash\n";
2222 # --ignore-zeros is necessary sometimes: depending on how much NUL
2223 # padding tar -A put on our combined archive (which in turn depends
2224 # on the length of the component archives) tar without
2225 # --ignore-zeros will exit before consuming stdin and cause close()
2226 # to fail on the resulting SIGPIPE.
2227 if (!open(TARX, "|-", "tar", "--ignore-zeros", "-xC", $destdir)) {
2228 die "Error launching 'tar -xC $destdir': $!";
2230 # If we send too much data to tar in one write (> 4-5 MiB), it stops, and we
2231 # get SIGPIPE. We must feed it data incrementally.
2233 while (read(DATA, $tar_input, 65536)) {
2234 print TARX $tar_input;
2237 die "'tar -xC $destdir' exited $?: $!";
2243 my $sdk_root = "$destdir/.arvados.sdk/sdk";
2245 foreach my $sdk_lang (("python",
2246 map { (split /\//, $_, 2)[0]; } keys(%SDK_ENVVARS))) {
2247 if (-d "$sdk_root/$sdk_lang") {
2248 if (!rename("$sdk_root/$sdk_lang", "$install_dir/$sdk_lang")) {
2249 die "Failed to install $sdk_lang SDK: $!";
2255 my $python_dir = "$install_dir/python";
2256 if ((-d $python_dir) and can_run("python2.7")) {
2257 open(my $egg_info_pipe, "-|",
2258 "python2.7 \Q$python_dir/setup.py\E egg_info 2>&1 >/dev/null");
2259 my @egg_info_errors = <$egg_info_pipe>;
2260 close($egg_info_pipe);
2263 if (@egg_info_errors and (($egg_info_errors[-1] =~ /\bgit\b/) or ($egg_info_errors[-1] =~ /\[Errno 2\]/))) {
2264 # egg_info apparently failed because it couldn't ask git for a build tag.
2265 # Specify no build tag.
2266 open(my $pysdk_cfg, ">>", "$python_dir/setup.cfg");
2267 print $pysdk_cfg "\n[egg_info]\ntag_build =\n";
2270 my $egg_info_exit = $? >> 8;
2271 foreach my $errline (@egg_info_errors) {
2274 warn "python setup.py egg_info failed: exit $egg_info_exit";
2275 exit ($egg_info_exit || 1);
2280 # Hide messages from the install script (unless it fails: shell_or_die
2281 # will show $destdir.log in that case).
2282 open(STDOUT, ">>", "$destdir.log");
2283 open(STDERR, ">&", STDOUT);
2285 if (-e "$destdir/crunch_scripts/install") {
2286 shell_or_die (undef, "$destdir/crunch_scripts/install", $install_dir);
2287 } elsif (!-e "./install.sh" && -e "./tests/autotests.sh") {
2289 shell_or_die (undef, "./tests/autotests.sh", $install_dir);
2290 } elsif (-e "./install.sh") {
2291 shell_or_die (undef, "./install.sh", $install_dir);
2294 if ($archive_hash) {
2295 unlink "$destdir.archive_hash.new";
2296 symlink ($archive_hash, "$destdir.archive_hash.new") or die "$destdir.archive_hash.new: $!";
2297 rename ("$destdir.archive_hash.new", "$destdir.archive_hash") or die "$destdir.archive_hash: $!";
2303 my $command_name = shift;
2304 open(my $which, "-|", "which", $command_name);
2305 while (<$which>) { }
2312 my $exitcode = shift;
2314 if ($ENV{"DEBUG"}) {
2315 print STDERR "@_\n";
2317 if (system (@_) != 0) {
2320 my $exitstatus = sprintf("exit %d signal %d", $code >> 8, $code & 0x7f);
2321 open STDERR, ">&STDERR_ORIG";
2322 system ("cat $destdir.log >&2");
2323 warn "@_ failed ($err): $exitstatus";
2324 if (defined($exitcode)) {
2328 exit (($code >> 8) || 1);