13111: Update parent dir modtime when adding/removing/renaming.
[arvados.git] / sdk / go / arvados / fs_collection.go
1 // Copyright (C) The Arvados Authors. All rights reserved.
2 //
3 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
4
5 package arvados
6
7 import (
8         "encoding/json"
9         "fmt"
10         "io"
11         "log"
12         "os"
13         "path"
14         "regexp"
15         "sort"
16         "strconv"
17         "strings"
18         "sync"
19         "time"
20 )
21
22 var maxBlockSize = 1 << 26
23
24 // A CollectionFileSystem is a FileSystem that can be serialized as a
25 // manifest and stored as a collection.
26 type CollectionFileSystem interface {
27         FileSystem
28
29         // Flush all file data to Keep and return a snapshot of the
30         // filesystem suitable for saving as (Collection)ManifestText.
31         // Prefix (normally ".") is a top level directory, effectively
32         // prepended to all paths in the returned manifest.
33         MarshalManifest(prefix string) (string, error)
34 }
35
36 type collectionFileSystem struct {
37         fileSystem
38         uuid string
39 }
40
41 // FileSystem returns a CollectionFileSystem for the collection.
42 func (c *Collection) FileSystem(client apiClient, kc keepClient) (CollectionFileSystem, error) {
43         var modTime time.Time
44         if c.ModifiedAt == nil {
45                 modTime = time.Now()
46         } else {
47                 modTime = *c.ModifiedAt
48         }
49         fs := &collectionFileSystem{
50                 uuid: c.UUID,
51                 fileSystem: fileSystem{
52                         fsBackend: keepBackend{apiClient: client, keepClient: kc},
53                 },
54         }
55         root := &dirnode{
56                 fs: fs,
57                 treenode: treenode{
58                         fileinfo: fileinfo{
59                                 name:    ".",
60                                 mode:    os.ModeDir | 0755,
61                                 modTime: modTime,
62                         },
63                         inodes: make(map[string]inode),
64                 },
65         }
66         root.SetParent(root, ".")
67         if err := root.loadManifest(c.ManifestText); err != nil {
68                 return nil, err
69         }
70         backdateTree(root, modTime)
71         fs.root = root
72         return fs, nil
73 }
74
75 func backdateTree(n inode, modTime time.Time) {
76         switch n := n.(type) {
77         case *filenode:
78                 n.fileinfo.modTime = modTime
79         case *dirnode:
80                 n.fileinfo.modTime = modTime
81                 for _, n := range n.inodes {
82                         backdateTree(n, modTime)
83                 }
84         }
85 }
86
87 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) newNode(name string, perm os.FileMode, modTime time.Time) (node inode, err error) {
88         if name == "" || name == "." || name == ".." {
89                 return nil, ErrInvalidArgument
90         }
91         if perm.IsDir() {
92                 return &dirnode{
93                         fs: fs,
94                         treenode: treenode{
95                                 fileinfo: fileinfo{
96                                         name:    name,
97                                         mode:    perm | os.ModeDir,
98                                         modTime: modTime,
99                                 },
100                                 inodes: make(map[string]inode),
101                         },
102                 }, nil
103         } else {
104                 return &filenode{
105                         fs: fs,
106                         fileinfo: fileinfo{
107                                 name:    name,
108                                 mode:    perm & ^os.ModeDir,
109                                 modTime: modTime,
110                         },
111                 }, nil
112         }
113 }
114
115 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) Sync() error {
116         log.Printf("cfs.Sync()")
117         if fs.uuid == "" {
118                 return nil
119         }
120         txt, err := fs.MarshalManifest(".")
121         if err != nil {
122                 log.Printf("WARNING: (collectionFileSystem)Sync() failed: %s", err)
123                 return err
124         }
125         coll := &Collection{
126                 UUID:         fs.uuid,
127                 ManifestText: txt,
128         }
129         err = fs.RequestAndDecode(nil, "PUT", "arvados/v1/collections/"+fs.uuid, fs.UpdateBody(coll), map[string]interface{}{"select": []string{"uuid"}})
130         if err != nil {
131                 log.Printf("WARNING: (collectionFileSystem)Sync() failed: %s", err)
132         }
133         return err
134 }
135
136 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) MarshalManifest(prefix string) (string, error) {
137         fs.fileSystem.root.Lock()
138         defer fs.fileSystem.root.Unlock()
139         return fs.fileSystem.root.(*dirnode).marshalManifest(prefix)
140 }
141
142 // filenodePtr is an offset into a file that is (usually) efficient to
143 // seek to. Specifically, if filenode.repacked==filenodePtr.repacked
144 // then
145 // filenode.segments[filenodePtr.segmentIdx][filenodePtr.segmentOff]
146 // corresponds to file offset filenodePtr.off. Otherwise, it is
147 // necessary to reexamine len(filenode.segments[0]) etc. to find the
148 // correct segment and offset.
149 type filenodePtr struct {
150         off        int64
151         segmentIdx int
152         segmentOff int
153         repacked   int64
154 }
155
156 // seek returns a ptr that is consistent with both startPtr.off and
157 // the current state of fn. The caller must already hold fn.RLock() or
158 // fn.Lock().
159 //
160 // If startPtr is beyond EOF, ptr.segment* will indicate precisely
161 // EOF.
162 //
163 // After seeking:
164 //
165 //     ptr.segmentIdx == len(filenode.segments) // i.e., at EOF
166 //     ||
167 //     filenode.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() > ptr.segmentOff
168 func (fn *filenode) seek(startPtr filenodePtr) (ptr filenodePtr) {
169         ptr = startPtr
170         if ptr.off < 0 {
171                 // meaningless anyway
172                 return
173         } else if ptr.off >= fn.fileinfo.size {
174                 ptr.segmentIdx = len(fn.segments)
175                 ptr.segmentOff = 0
176                 ptr.repacked = fn.repacked
177                 return
178         } else if ptr.repacked == fn.repacked {
179                 // segmentIdx and segmentOff accurately reflect
180                 // ptr.off, but might have fallen off the end of a
181                 // segment
182                 if ptr.segmentOff >= fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() {
183                         ptr.segmentIdx++
184                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
185                 }
186                 return
187         }
188         defer func() {
189                 ptr.repacked = fn.repacked
190         }()
191         if ptr.off >= fn.fileinfo.size {
192                 ptr.segmentIdx, ptr.segmentOff = len(fn.segments), 0
193                 return
194         }
195         // Recompute segmentIdx and segmentOff.  We have already
196         // established fn.fileinfo.size > ptr.off >= 0, so we don't
197         // have to deal with edge cases here.
198         var off int64
199         for ptr.segmentIdx, ptr.segmentOff = 0, 0; off < ptr.off; ptr.segmentIdx++ {
200                 // This would panic (index out of range) if
201                 // fn.fileinfo.size were larger than
202                 // sum(fn.segments[i].Len()) -- but that can't happen
203                 // because we have ensured fn.fileinfo.size is always
204                 // accurate.
205                 segLen := int64(fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len())
206                 if off+segLen > ptr.off {
207                         ptr.segmentOff = int(ptr.off - off)
208                         break
209                 }
210                 off += segLen
211         }
212         return
213 }
214
215 // filenode implements inode.
216 type filenode struct {
217         parent   inode
218         fs       FileSystem
219         fileinfo fileinfo
220         segments []segment
221         // number of times `segments` has changed in a
222         // way that might invalidate a filenodePtr
223         repacked int64
224         memsize  int64 // bytes in memSegments
225         sync.RWMutex
226         nullnode
227 }
228
229 // caller must have lock
230 func (fn *filenode) appendSegment(e segment) {
231         fn.segments = append(fn.segments, e)
232         fn.fileinfo.size += int64(e.Len())
233 }
234
235 func (fn *filenode) SetParent(p inode, name string) {
236         fn.Lock()
237         defer fn.Unlock()
238         fn.parent = p
239         fn.fileinfo.name = name
240 }
241
242 func (fn *filenode) Parent() inode {
243         fn.RLock()
244         defer fn.RUnlock()
245         return fn.parent
246 }
247
248 func (fn *filenode) FS() FileSystem {
249         return fn.fs
250 }
251
252 // Read reads file data from a single segment, starting at startPtr,
253 // into p. startPtr is assumed not to be up-to-date. Caller must have
254 // RLock or Lock.
255 func (fn *filenode) Read(p []byte, startPtr filenodePtr) (n int, ptr filenodePtr, err error) {
256         ptr = fn.seek(startPtr)
257         if ptr.off < 0 {
258                 err = ErrNegativeOffset
259                 return
260         }
261         if ptr.segmentIdx >= len(fn.segments) {
262                 err = io.EOF
263                 return
264         }
265         n, err = fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].ReadAt(p, int64(ptr.segmentOff))
266         if n > 0 {
267                 ptr.off += int64(n)
268                 ptr.segmentOff += n
269                 if ptr.segmentOff == fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() {
270                         ptr.segmentIdx++
271                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
272                         if ptr.segmentIdx < len(fn.segments) && err == io.EOF {
273                                 err = nil
274                         }
275                 }
276         }
277         return
278 }
279
280 func (fn *filenode) Size() int64 {
281         fn.RLock()
282         defer fn.RUnlock()
283         return fn.fileinfo.Size()
284 }
285
286 func (fn *filenode) FileInfo() os.FileInfo {
287         fn.RLock()
288         defer fn.RUnlock()
289         return fn.fileinfo
290 }
291
292 func (fn *filenode) Truncate(size int64) error {
293         fn.Lock()
294         defer fn.Unlock()
295         return fn.truncate(size)
296 }
297
298 func (fn *filenode) truncate(size int64) error {
299         if size == fn.fileinfo.size {
300                 return nil
301         }
302         fn.repacked++
303         if size < fn.fileinfo.size {
304                 ptr := fn.seek(filenodePtr{off: size})
305                 for i := ptr.segmentIdx; i < len(fn.segments); i++ {
306                         if seg, ok := fn.segments[i].(*memSegment); ok {
307                                 fn.memsize -= int64(seg.Len())
308                         }
309                 }
310                 if ptr.segmentOff == 0 {
311                         fn.segments = fn.segments[:ptr.segmentIdx]
312                 } else {
313                         fn.segments = fn.segments[:ptr.segmentIdx+1]
314                         switch seg := fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].(type) {
315                         case *memSegment:
316                                 seg.Truncate(ptr.segmentOff)
317                                 fn.memsize += int64(seg.Len())
318                         default:
319                                 fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx] = seg.Slice(0, ptr.segmentOff)
320                         }
321                 }
322                 fn.fileinfo.size = size
323                 return nil
324         }
325         for size > fn.fileinfo.size {
326                 grow := size - fn.fileinfo.size
327                 var seg *memSegment
328                 var ok bool
329                 if len(fn.segments) == 0 {
330                         seg = &memSegment{}
331                         fn.segments = append(fn.segments, seg)
332                 } else if seg, ok = fn.segments[len(fn.segments)-1].(*memSegment); !ok || seg.Len() >= maxBlockSize {
333                         seg = &memSegment{}
334                         fn.segments = append(fn.segments, seg)
335                 }
336                 if maxgrow := int64(maxBlockSize - seg.Len()); maxgrow < grow {
337                         grow = maxgrow
338                 }
339                 seg.Truncate(seg.Len() + int(grow))
340                 fn.fileinfo.size += grow
341                 fn.memsize += grow
342         }
343         return nil
344 }
345
346 // Write writes data from p to the file, starting at startPtr,
347 // extending the file size if necessary. Caller must have Lock.
348 func (fn *filenode) Write(p []byte, startPtr filenodePtr) (n int, ptr filenodePtr, err error) {
349         if startPtr.off > fn.fileinfo.size {
350                 if err = fn.truncate(startPtr.off); err != nil {
351                         return 0, startPtr, err
352                 }
353         }
354         ptr = fn.seek(startPtr)
355         if ptr.off < 0 {
356                 err = ErrNegativeOffset
357                 return
358         }
359         for len(p) > 0 && err == nil {
360                 cando := p
361                 if len(cando) > maxBlockSize {
362                         cando = cando[:maxBlockSize]
363                 }
364                 // Rearrange/grow fn.segments (and shrink cando if
365                 // needed) such that cando can be copied to
366                 // fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx] at offset
367                 // ptr.segmentOff.
368                 cur := ptr.segmentIdx
369                 prev := ptr.segmentIdx - 1
370                 var curWritable bool
371                 if cur < len(fn.segments) {
372                         _, curWritable = fn.segments[cur].(*memSegment)
373                 }
374                 var prevAppendable bool
375                 if prev >= 0 && fn.segments[prev].Len() < maxBlockSize {
376                         _, prevAppendable = fn.segments[prev].(*memSegment)
377                 }
378                 if ptr.segmentOff > 0 && !curWritable {
379                         // Split a non-writable block.
380                         if max := fn.segments[cur].Len() - ptr.segmentOff; max <= len(cando) {
381                                 // Truncate cur, and insert a new
382                                 // segment after it.
383                                 cando = cando[:max]
384                                 fn.segments = append(fn.segments, nil)
385                                 copy(fn.segments[cur+1:], fn.segments[cur:])
386                         } else {
387                                 // Split cur into two copies, truncate
388                                 // the one on the left, shift the one
389                                 // on the right, and insert a new
390                                 // segment between them.
391                                 fn.segments = append(fn.segments, nil, nil)
392                                 copy(fn.segments[cur+2:], fn.segments[cur:])
393                                 fn.segments[cur+2] = fn.segments[cur+2].Slice(ptr.segmentOff+len(cando), -1)
394                         }
395                         cur++
396                         prev++
397                         seg := &memSegment{}
398                         seg.Truncate(len(cando))
399                         fn.memsize += int64(len(cando))
400                         fn.segments[cur] = seg
401                         fn.segments[prev] = fn.segments[prev].Slice(0, ptr.segmentOff)
402                         ptr.segmentIdx++
403                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
404                         fn.repacked++
405                         ptr.repacked++
406                 } else if curWritable {
407                         if fit := int(fn.segments[cur].Len()) - ptr.segmentOff; fit < len(cando) {
408                                 cando = cando[:fit]
409                         }
410                 } else {
411                         if prevAppendable {
412                                 // Shrink cando if needed to fit in
413                                 // prev segment.
414                                 if cangrow := maxBlockSize - fn.segments[prev].Len(); cangrow < len(cando) {
415                                         cando = cando[:cangrow]
416                                 }
417                         }
418
419                         if cur == len(fn.segments) {
420                                 // ptr is at EOF, filesize is changing.
421                                 fn.fileinfo.size += int64(len(cando))
422                         } else if el := fn.segments[cur].Len(); el <= len(cando) {
423                                 // cando is long enough that we won't
424                                 // need cur any more. shrink cando to
425                                 // be exactly as long as cur
426                                 // (otherwise we'd accidentally shift
427                                 // the effective position of all
428                                 // segments after cur).
429                                 cando = cando[:el]
430                                 copy(fn.segments[cur:], fn.segments[cur+1:])
431                                 fn.segments = fn.segments[:len(fn.segments)-1]
432                         } else {
433                                 // shrink cur by the same #bytes we're growing prev
434                                 fn.segments[cur] = fn.segments[cur].Slice(len(cando), -1)
435                         }
436
437                         if prevAppendable {
438                                 // Grow prev.
439                                 ptr.segmentIdx--
440                                 ptr.segmentOff = fn.segments[prev].Len()
441                                 fn.segments[prev].(*memSegment).Truncate(ptr.segmentOff + len(cando))
442                                 fn.memsize += int64(len(cando))
443                                 ptr.repacked++
444                                 fn.repacked++
445                         } else {
446                                 // Insert a segment between prev and
447                                 // cur, and advance prev/cur.
448                                 fn.segments = append(fn.segments, nil)
449                                 if cur < len(fn.segments) {
450                                         copy(fn.segments[cur+1:], fn.segments[cur:])
451                                         ptr.repacked++
452                                         fn.repacked++
453                                 } else {
454                                         // appending a new segment does
455                                         // not invalidate any ptrs
456                                 }
457                                 seg := &memSegment{}
458                                 seg.Truncate(len(cando))
459                                 fn.memsize += int64(len(cando))
460                                 fn.segments[cur] = seg
461                                 cur++
462                                 prev++
463                         }
464                 }
465
466                 // Finally we can copy bytes from cando to the current segment.
467                 fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].(*memSegment).WriteAt(cando, ptr.segmentOff)
468                 n += len(cando)
469                 p = p[len(cando):]
470
471                 ptr.off += int64(len(cando))
472                 ptr.segmentOff += len(cando)
473                 if ptr.segmentOff >= maxBlockSize {
474                         fn.pruneMemSegments()
475                 }
476                 if fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() == ptr.segmentOff {
477                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
478                         ptr.segmentIdx++
479                 }
480
481                 fn.fileinfo.modTime = time.Now()
482         }
483         return
484 }
485
486 // Write some data out to disk to reduce memory use. Caller must have
487 // write lock.
488 func (fn *filenode) pruneMemSegments() {
489         // TODO: async (don't hold Lock() while waiting for Keep)
490         // TODO: share code with (*dirnode)sync()
491         // TODO: pack/flush small blocks too, when fragmented
492         for idx, seg := range fn.segments {
493                 seg, ok := seg.(*memSegment)
494                 if !ok || seg.Len() < maxBlockSize {
495                         continue
496                 }
497                 locator, _, err := fn.FS().PutB(seg.buf)
498                 if err != nil {
499                         // TODO: stall (or return errors from)
500                         // subsequent writes until flushing
501                         // starts to succeed
502                         continue
503                 }
504                 fn.memsize -= int64(seg.Len())
505                 fn.segments[idx] = storedSegment{
506                         kc:      fn.FS(),
507                         locator: locator,
508                         size:    seg.Len(),
509                         offset:  0,
510                         length:  seg.Len(),
511                 }
512         }
513 }
514
515 type dirnode struct {
516         fs *collectionFileSystem
517         treenode
518 }
519
520 func (dn *dirnode) FS() FileSystem {
521         return dn.fs
522 }
523
524 func (dn *dirnode) Child(name string, replace func(inode) inode) inode {
525         if dn == dn.fs.rootnode() && name == ".arvados#collection" {
526                 gn := &getternode{Getter: func() ([]byte, error) {
527                         var coll Collection
528                         var err error
529                         coll.ManifestText, err = dn.fs.MarshalManifest(".")
530                         if err != nil {
531                                 return nil, err
532                         }
533                         data, err := json.Marshal(&coll)
534                         if err == nil {
535                                 data = append(data, 10)
536                         }
537                         return data, err
538                 }}
539                 gn.SetParent(dn, name)
540                 return gn
541         }
542         return dn.treenode.Child(name, replace)
543 }
544
545 // sync flushes in-memory data (for all files in the tree rooted at
546 // dn) to persistent storage. Caller must hold dn.Lock().
547 func (dn *dirnode) sync() error {
548         type shortBlock struct {
549                 fn  *filenode
550                 idx int
551         }
552         var pending []shortBlock
553         var pendingLen int
554
555         flush := func(sbs []shortBlock) error {
556                 if len(sbs) == 0 {
557                         return nil
558                 }
559                 block := make([]byte, 0, maxBlockSize)
560                 for _, sb := range sbs {
561                         block = append(block, sb.fn.segments[sb.idx].(*memSegment).buf...)
562                 }
563                 locator, _, err := dn.fs.PutB(block)
564                 if err != nil {
565                         return err
566                 }
567                 off := 0
568                 for _, sb := range sbs {
569                         data := sb.fn.segments[sb.idx].(*memSegment).buf
570                         sb.fn.segments[sb.idx] = storedSegment{
571                                 kc:      dn.fs,
572                                 locator: locator,
573                                 size:    len(block),
574                                 offset:  off,
575                                 length:  len(data),
576                         }
577                         off += len(data)
578                         sb.fn.memsize -= int64(len(data))
579                 }
580                 return nil
581         }
582
583         names := make([]string, 0, len(dn.inodes))
584         for name := range dn.inodes {
585                 names = append(names, name)
586         }
587         sort.Strings(names)
588
589         for _, name := range names {
590                 fn, ok := dn.inodes[name].(*filenode)
591                 if !ok {
592                         continue
593                 }
594                 fn.Lock()
595                 defer fn.Unlock()
596                 for idx, seg := range fn.segments {
597                         seg, ok := seg.(*memSegment)
598                         if !ok {
599                                 continue
600                         }
601                         if seg.Len() > maxBlockSize/2 {
602                                 if err := flush([]shortBlock{{fn, idx}}); err != nil {
603                                         return err
604                                 }
605                                 continue
606                         }
607                         if pendingLen+seg.Len() > maxBlockSize {
608                                 if err := flush(pending); err != nil {
609                                         return err
610                                 }
611                                 pending = nil
612                                 pendingLen = 0
613                         }
614                         pending = append(pending, shortBlock{fn, idx})
615                         pendingLen += seg.Len()
616                 }
617         }
618         return flush(pending)
619 }
620
621 // caller must have read lock.
622 func (dn *dirnode) marshalManifest(prefix string) (string, error) {
623         var streamLen int64
624         type filepart struct {
625                 name   string
626                 offset int64
627                 length int64
628         }
629         var fileparts []filepart
630         var subdirs string
631         var blocks []string
632
633         if err := dn.sync(); err != nil {
634                 return "", err
635         }
636
637         names := make([]string, 0, len(dn.inodes))
638         for name, node := range dn.inodes {
639                 names = append(names, name)
640                 node.Lock()
641                 defer node.Unlock()
642         }
643         sort.Strings(names)
644
645         for _, name := range names {
646                 switch node := dn.inodes[name].(type) {
647                 case *dirnode:
648                         subdir, err := node.marshalManifest(prefix + "/" + name)
649                         if err != nil {
650                                 return "", err
651                         }
652                         subdirs = subdirs + subdir
653                 case *filenode:
654                         if len(node.segments) == 0 {
655                                 fileparts = append(fileparts, filepart{name: name})
656                                 break
657                         }
658                         for _, seg := range node.segments {
659                                 switch seg := seg.(type) {
660                                 case storedSegment:
661                                         if len(blocks) > 0 && blocks[len(blocks)-1] == seg.locator {
662                                                 streamLen -= int64(seg.size)
663                                         } else {
664                                                 blocks = append(blocks, seg.locator)
665                                         }
666                                         next := filepart{
667                                                 name:   name,
668                                                 offset: streamLen + int64(seg.offset),
669                                                 length: int64(seg.length),
670                                         }
671                                         if prev := len(fileparts) - 1; prev >= 0 &&
672                                                 fileparts[prev].name == name &&
673                                                 fileparts[prev].offset+fileparts[prev].length == next.offset {
674                                                 fileparts[prev].length += next.length
675                                         } else {
676                                                 fileparts = append(fileparts, next)
677                                         }
678                                         streamLen += int64(seg.size)
679                                 default:
680                                         // This can't happen: we
681                                         // haven't unlocked since
682                                         // calling sync().
683                                         panic(fmt.Sprintf("can't marshal segment type %T", seg))
684                                 }
685                         }
686                 default:
687                         panic(fmt.Sprintf("can't marshal inode type %T", node))
688                 }
689         }
690         var filetokens []string
691         for _, s := range fileparts {
692                 filetokens = append(filetokens, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d:%s", s.offset, s.length, manifestEscape(s.name)))
693         }
694         if len(filetokens) == 0 {
695                 return subdirs, nil
696         } else if len(blocks) == 0 {
697                 blocks = []string{"d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e+0"}
698         }
699         return manifestEscape(prefix) + " " + strings.Join(blocks, " ") + " " + strings.Join(filetokens, " ") + "\n" + subdirs, nil
700 }
701
702 func (dn *dirnode) loadManifest(txt string) error {
703         var dirname string
704         streams := strings.Split(txt, "\n")
705         if streams[len(streams)-1] != "" {
706                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no trailing newline", len(streams))
707         }
708         streams = streams[:len(streams)-1]
709         segments := []storedSegment{}
710         for i, stream := range streams {
711                 lineno := i + 1
712                 var anyFileTokens bool
713                 var pos int64
714                 var segIdx int
715                 segments = segments[:0]
716                 for i, token := range strings.Split(stream, " ") {
717                         if i == 0 {
718                                 dirname = manifestUnescape(token)
719                                 continue
720                         }
721                         if !strings.Contains(token, ":") {
722                                 if anyFileTokens {
723                                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
724                                 }
725                                 toks := strings.SplitN(token, "+", 3)
726                                 if len(toks) < 2 {
727                                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad locator %q", lineno, token)
728                                 }
729                                 length, err := strconv.ParseInt(toks[1], 10, 32)
730                                 if err != nil || length < 0 {
731                                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad locator %q", lineno, token)
732                                 }
733                                 segments = append(segments, storedSegment{
734                                         locator: token,
735                                         size:    int(length),
736                                         offset:  0,
737                                         length:  int(length),
738                                 })
739                                 continue
740                         } else if len(segments) == 0 {
741                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad locator %q", lineno, token)
742                         }
743
744                         toks := strings.SplitN(token, ":", 3)
745                         if len(toks) != 3 {
746                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
747                         }
748                         anyFileTokens = true
749
750                         offset, err := strconv.ParseInt(toks[0], 10, 64)
751                         if err != nil || offset < 0 {
752                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
753                         }
754                         length, err := strconv.ParseInt(toks[1], 10, 64)
755                         if err != nil || length < 0 {
756                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
757                         }
758                         name := dirname + "/" + manifestUnescape(toks[2])
759                         fnode, err := dn.createFileAndParents(name)
760                         if err != nil {
761                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: cannot use path %q: %s", lineno, name, err)
762                         }
763                         // Map the stream offset/range coordinates to
764                         // block/offset/range coordinates and add
765                         // corresponding storedSegments to the filenode
766                         if pos > offset {
767                                 // Can't continue where we left off.
768                                 // TODO: binary search instead of
769                                 // rewinding all the way (but this
770                                 // situation might be rare anyway)
771                                 segIdx, pos = 0, 0
772                         }
773                         for next := int64(0); segIdx < len(segments); segIdx++ {
774                                 seg := segments[segIdx]
775                                 next = pos + int64(seg.Len())
776                                 if next <= offset || seg.Len() == 0 {
777                                         pos = next
778                                         continue
779                                 }
780                                 if pos >= offset+length {
781                                         break
782                                 }
783                                 var blkOff int
784                                 if pos < offset {
785                                         blkOff = int(offset - pos)
786                                 }
787                                 blkLen := seg.Len() - blkOff
788                                 if pos+int64(blkOff+blkLen) > offset+length {
789                                         blkLen = int(offset + length - pos - int64(blkOff))
790                                 }
791                                 fnode.appendSegment(storedSegment{
792                                         kc:      dn.fs,
793                                         locator: seg.locator,
794                                         size:    seg.size,
795                                         offset:  blkOff,
796                                         length:  blkLen,
797                                 })
798                                 if next > offset+length {
799                                         break
800                                 } else {
801                                         pos = next
802                                 }
803                         }
804                         if segIdx == len(segments) && pos < offset+length {
805                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: invalid segment in %d-byte stream: %q", lineno, pos, token)
806                         }
807                 }
808                 if !anyFileTokens {
809                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no file segments", lineno)
810                 } else if len(segments) == 0 {
811                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no locators", lineno)
812                 } else if dirname == "" {
813                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no stream name", lineno)
814                 }
815         }
816         return nil
817 }
818
819 // only safe to call from loadManifest -- no locking
820 func (dn *dirnode) createFileAndParents(path string) (fn *filenode, err error) {
821         var node inode = dn
822         names := strings.Split(path, "/")
823         basename := names[len(names)-1]
824         if basename == "" || basename == "." || basename == ".." {
825                 err = fmt.Errorf("invalid filename")
826                 return
827         }
828         for _, name := range names[:len(names)-1] {
829                 switch name {
830                 case "", ".":
831                         continue
832                 case "..":
833                         if node == dn {
834                                 // can't be sure parent will be a *dirnode
835                                 return nil, ErrInvalidArgument
836                         }
837                         node = node.Parent()
838                         continue
839                 }
840                 node.Child(name, func(child inode) inode {
841                         if child == nil {
842                                 node, err = node.FS().newNode(name, 0755|os.ModeDir, node.Parent().FileInfo().ModTime())
843                                 child = node
844                         } else if !child.IsDir() {
845                                 err = ErrFileExists
846                         } else {
847                                 node = child
848                         }
849                         return child
850                 })
851                 if err != nil {
852                         return
853                 }
854         }
855         node.Child(basename, func(child inode) inode {
856                 switch child := child.(type) {
857                 case nil:
858                         child, err = node.FS().newNode(basename, 0755, node.FileInfo().ModTime())
859                         fn = child.(*filenode)
860                         return child
861                 case *filenode:
862                         fn = child
863                         return child
864                 case *dirnode:
865                         err = ErrIsDirectory
866                         return child
867                 default:
868                         err = ErrInvalidArgument
869                         return child
870                 }
871         })
872         return
873 }
874
875 type segment interface {
876         io.ReaderAt
877         Len() int
878         // Return a new segment with a subsection of the data from this
879         // one. length<0 means length=Len()-off.
880         Slice(off int, length int) segment
881 }
882
883 type memSegment struct {
884         buf []byte
885 }
886
887 func (me *memSegment) Len() int {
888         return len(me.buf)
889 }
890
891 func (me *memSegment) Slice(off, length int) segment {
892         if length < 0 {
893                 length = len(me.buf) - off
894         }
895         buf := make([]byte, length)
896         copy(buf, me.buf[off:])
897         return &memSegment{buf: buf}
898 }
899
900 func (me *memSegment) Truncate(n int) {
901         if n > cap(me.buf) {
902                 newsize := 1024
903                 for newsize < n {
904                         newsize = newsize << 2
905                 }
906                 newbuf := make([]byte, n, newsize)
907                 copy(newbuf, me.buf)
908                 me.buf = newbuf
909         } else {
910                 // Zero unused part when shrinking, in case we grow
911                 // and start using it again later.
912                 for i := n; i < len(me.buf); i++ {
913                         me.buf[i] = 0
914                 }
915         }
916         me.buf = me.buf[:n]
917 }
918
919 func (me *memSegment) WriteAt(p []byte, off int) {
920         if off+len(p) > len(me.buf) {
921                 panic("overflowed segment")
922         }
923         copy(me.buf[off:], p)
924 }
925
926 func (me *memSegment) ReadAt(p []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
927         if off > int64(me.Len()) {
928                 err = io.EOF
929                 return
930         }
931         n = copy(p, me.buf[int(off):])
932         if n < len(p) {
933                 err = io.EOF
934         }
935         return
936 }
937
938 type storedSegment struct {
939         kc      fsBackend
940         locator string
941         size    int // size of stored block (also encoded in locator)
942         offset  int // position of segment within the stored block
943         length  int // bytes in this segment (offset + length <= size)
944 }
945
946 func (se storedSegment) Len() int {
947         return se.length
948 }
949
950 func (se storedSegment) Slice(n, size int) segment {
951         se.offset += n
952         se.length -= n
953         if size >= 0 && se.length > size {
954                 se.length = size
955         }
956         return se
957 }
958
959 func (se storedSegment) ReadAt(p []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
960         if off > int64(se.length) {
961                 return 0, io.EOF
962         }
963         maxlen := se.length - int(off)
964         if len(p) > maxlen {
965                 p = p[:maxlen]
966                 n, err = se.kc.ReadAt(se.locator, p, int(off)+se.offset)
967                 if err == nil {
968                         err = io.EOF
969                 }
970                 return
971         }
972         return se.kc.ReadAt(se.locator, p, int(off)+se.offset)
973 }
974
975 func canonicalName(name string) string {
976         name = path.Clean("/" + name)
977         if name == "/" || name == "./" {
978                 name = "."
979         } else if strings.HasPrefix(name, "/") {
980                 name = "." + name
981         }
982         return name
983 }
984
985 var manifestEscapeSeq = regexp.MustCompile(`\\([0-7]{3}|\\)`)
986
987 func manifestUnescapeFunc(seq string) string {
988         if seq == `\\` {
989                 return `\`
990         }
991         i, err := strconv.ParseUint(seq[1:], 8, 8)
992         if err != nil {
993                 // Invalid escape sequence: can't unescape.
994                 return seq
995         }
996         return string([]byte{byte(i)})
997 }
998
999 func manifestUnescape(s string) string {
1000         return manifestEscapeSeq.ReplaceAllStringFunc(s, manifestUnescapeFunc)
1001 }
1002
1003 var manifestEscapedChar = regexp.MustCompile(`[\000-\040:\s\\]`)
1004
1005 func manifestEscapeFunc(seq string) string {
1006         return fmt.Sprintf("\\%03o", byte(seq[0]))
1007 }
1008
1009 func manifestEscape(s string) string {
1010         return manifestEscapedChar.ReplaceAllStringFunc(s, manifestEscapeFunc)
1011 }