1 // Copyright (C) The Arvados Authors. All rights reserved.
3 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
5 /* Provides low-level Get/Put primitives for accessing Arvados Keep blocks. */
23 "git.curoverse.com/arvados.git/sdk/go/arvadosclient"
24 "git.curoverse.com/arvados.git/sdk/go/asyncbuf"
25 "git.curoverse.com/arvados.git/sdk/go/httpserver"
28 // A Keep "block" is 64MB.
29 const BLOCKSIZE = 64 * 1024 * 1024
32 DefaultRequestTimeout = 20 * time.Second
33 DefaultConnectTimeout = 2 * time.Second
34 DefaultTLSHandshakeTimeout = 4 * time.Second
35 DefaultKeepAlive = 180 * time.Second
37 DefaultProxyRequestTimeout = 300 * time.Second
38 DefaultProxyConnectTimeout = 30 * time.Second
39 DefaultProxyTLSHandshakeTimeout = 10 * time.Second
40 DefaultProxyKeepAlive = 120 * time.Second
43 // Error interface with an error and boolean indicating whether the error is temporary
44 type Error interface {
49 // multipleResponseError is of type Error
50 type multipleResponseError struct {
55 func (e *multipleResponseError) Temporary() bool {
59 // BlockNotFound is a multipleResponseError where isTemp is false
60 var BlockNotFound = &ErrNotFound{multipleResponseError{
61 error: errors.New("Block not found"),
65 // ErrNotFound is a multipleResponseError where isTemp can be true or false
66 type ErrNotFound struct {
70 type InsufficientReplicasError error
72 type OversizeBlockError error
74 var ErrOversizeBlock = OversizeBlockError(errors.New("Exceeded maximum block size (" + strconv.Itoa(BLOCKSIZE) + ")"))
75 var MissingArvadosApiHost = errors.New("Missing required environment variable ARVADOS_API_HOST")
76 var MissingArvadosApiToken = errors.New("Missing required environment variable ARVADOS_API_TOKEN")
77 var InvalidLocatorError = errors.New("Invalid locator")
79 // ErrNoSuchKeepServer is returned when GetIndex is invoked with a UUID with no matching keep server
80 var ErrNoSuchKeepServer = errors.New("No keep server matching the given UUID is found")
82 // ErrIncompleteIndex is returned when the Index response does not end with a new empty line
83 var ErrIncompleteIndex = errors.New("Got incomplete index")
85 const X_Keep_Desired_Replicas = "X-Keep-Desired-Replicas"
86 const X_Keep_Replicas_Stored = "X-Keep-Replicas-Stored"
88 type HTTPClient interface {
89 Do(*http.Request) (*http.Response, error)
92 // Information about Arvados and Keep servers.
93 type KeepClient struct {
94 Arvados *arvadosclient.ArvadosClient
96 localRoots map[string]string
97 writableLocalRoots map[string]string
98 gatewayRoots map[string]string
100 HTTPClient HTTPClient
102 BlockCache *BlockCache
104 StorageClasses []string
106 // set to 1 if all writable services are of disk type, otherwise 0
107 replicasPerService int
109 // Any non-disk typed services found in the list of keepservers?
112 // Disable automatic discovery of keep services
113 disableDiscovery bool
116 // MakeKeepClient creates a new KeepClient, calls
117 // DiscoverKeepServices(), and returns when the client is ready to
119 func MakeKeepClient(arv *arvadosclient.ArvadosClient) (*KeepClient, error) {
121 return kc, kc.discoverServices()
124 // New creates a new KeepClient. Service discovery will occur on the
125 // next read/write operation.
126 func New(arv *arvadosclient.ArvadosClient) *KeepClient {
127 defaultReplicationLevel := 2
128 value, err := arv.Discovery("defaultCollectionReplication")
130 v, ok := value.(float64)
132 defaultReplicationLevel = int(v)
137 Want_replicas: defaultReplicationLevel,
142 // Put a block given the block hash, a reader, and the number of bytes
143 // to read from the reader (which must be between 0 and BLOCKSIZE).
145 // Returns the locator for the written block, the number of replicas
146 // written, and an error.
148 // Returns an InsufficientReplicasError if 0 <= replicas <
149 // kc.Wants_replicas.
150 func (kc *KeepClient) PutHR(hash string, r io.Reader, dataBytes int64) (string, int, error) {
151 // Buffer for reads from 'r'
154 if dataBytes > BLOCKSIZE {
155 return "", 0, ErrOversizeBlock
157 bufsize = int(dataBytes)
162 buf := asyncbuf.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, bufsize))
164 _, err := io.Copy(buf, HashCheckingReader{r, md5.New(), hash})
165 buf.CloseWithError(err)
167 return kc.putReplicas(hash, buf.NewReader, dataBytes)
170 // PutHB writes a block to Keep. The hash of the bytes is given in
171 // hash, and the data is given in buf.
173 // Return values are the same as for PutHR.
174 func (kc *KeepClient) PutHB(hash string, buf []byte) (string, int, error) {
175 newReader := func() io.Reader { return bytes.NewBuffer(buf) }
176 return kc.putReplicas(hash, newReader, int64(len(buf)))
179 // PutB writes a block to Keep. It computes the hash itself.
181 // Return values are the same as for PutHR.
182 func (kc *KeepClient) PutB(buffer []byte) (string, int, error) {
183 hash := fmt.Sprintf("%x", md5.Sum(buffer))
184 return kc.PutHB(hash, buffer)
187 // PutR writes a block to Keep. It first reads all data from r into a buffer
188 // in order to compute the hash.
190 // Return values are the same as for PutHR.
192 // If the block hash and data size are known, PutHR is more efficient.
193 func (kc *KeepClient) PutR(r io.Reader) (locator string, replicas int, err error) {
194 if buffer, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r); err != nil {
197 return kc.PutB(buffer)
201 func (kc *KeepClient) getOrHead(method string, locator string) (io.ReadCloser, int64, string, error) {
202 if strings.HasPrefix(locator, "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e+0") {
203 return ioutil.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(nil)), 0, "", nil
206 reqid := kc.getRequestID()
208 var expectLength int64
209 if parts := strings.SplitN(locator, "+", 3); len(parts) < 2 {
211 } else if n, err := strconv.ParseInt(parts[1], 10, 64); err != nil {
219 tries_remaining := 1 + kc.Retries
221 serversToTry := kc.getSortedRoots(locator)
223 numServers := len(serversToTry)
226 var retryList []string
228 for tries_remaining > 0 {
232 for _, host := range serversToTry {
233 url := host + "/" + locator
235 req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, nil)
237 errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: %v", url, err))
240 req.Header.Add("Authorization", "OAuth2 "+kc.Arvados.ApiToken)
241 req.Header.Add("X-Request-Id", reqid)
242 resp, err := kc.httpClient().Do(req)
244 // Probably a network error, may be transient,
246 errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: %v", url, err))
247 retryList = append(retryList, host)
250 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
252 respbody, _ = ioutil.ReadAll(&io.LimitedReader{R: resp.Body, N: 4096})
254 errs = append(errs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: HTTP %d %q",
255 url, resp.StatusCode, bytes.TrimSpace(respbody)))
257 if resp.StatusCode == 408 ||
258 resp.StatusCode == 429 ||
259 resp.StatusCode >= 500 {
260 // Timeout, too many requests, or other
261 // server side failure, transient
262 // error, can try again.
263 retryList = append(retryList, host)
264 } else if resp.StatusCode == 404 {
269 if expectLength < 0 {
270 if resp.ContentLength < 0 {
272 return nil, 0, "", fmt.Errorf("error reading %q: no size hint, no Content-Length header in response", locator)
274 expectLength = resp.ContentLength
275 } else if resp.ContentLength >= 0 && expectLength != resp.ContentLength {
277 return nil, 0, "", fmt.Errorf("error reading %q: size hint %d != Content-Length %d", locator, expectLength, resp.ContentLength)
281 return HashCheckingReader{
284 Check: locator[0:32],
285 }, expectLength, url, nil
288 return nil, expectLength, url, nil
291 serversToTry = retryList
293 DebugPrintf("DEBUG: %s %s failed: %v", method, locator, errs)
296 if count404 == numServers {
299 err = &ErrNotFound{multipleResponseError{
300 error: fmt.Errorf("%s %s failed: %v", method, locator, errs),
301 isTemp: len(serversToTry) > 0,
304 return nil, 0, "", err
307 // Get() retrieves a block, given a locator. Returns a reader, the
308 // expected data length, the URL the block is being fetched from, and
311 // If the block checksum does not match, the final Read() on the
312 // reader returned by this method will return a BadChecksum error
314 func (kc *KeepClient) Get(locator string) (io.ReadCloser, int64, string, error) {
315 return kc.getOrHead("GET", locator)
318 // ReadAt() retrieves a portion of block from the cache if it's
319 // present, otherwise from the network.
320 func (kc *KeepClient) ReadAt(locator string, p []byte, off int) (int, error) {
321 return kc.cache().ReadAt(kc, locator, p, off)
324 // Ask() verifies that a block with the given hash is available and
325 // readable, according to at least one Keep service. Unlike Get, it
326 // does not retrieve the data or verify that the data content matches
327 // the hash specified by the locator.
329 // Returns the data size (content length) reported by the Keep service
330 // and the URI reporting the data size.
331 func (kc *KeepClient) Ask(locator string) (int64, string, error) {
332 _, size, url, err := kc.getOrHead("HEAD", locator)
333 return size, url, err
336 // GetIndex retrieves a list of blocks stored on the given server whose hashes
337 // begin with the given prefix. The returned reader will return an error (other
338 // than EOF) if the complete index cannot be retrieved.
340 // This is meant to be used only by system components and admin tools.
341 // It will return an error unless the client is using a "data manager token"
342 // recognized by the Keep services.
343 func (kc *KeepClient) GetIndex(keepServiceUUID, prefix string) (io.Reader, error) {
344 url := kc.LocalRoots()[keepServiceUUID]
346 return nil, ErrNoSuchKeepServer
354 req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
359 req.Header.Add("Authorization", "OAuth2 "+kc.Arvados.ApiToken)
360 req.Header.Set("X-Request-Id", kc.getRequestID())
361 resp, err := kc.httpClient().Do(req)
366 defer resp.Body.Close()
368 if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
369 return nil, fmt.Errorf("Got http status code: %d", resp.StatusCode)
373 respBody, err = ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
378 // Got index; verify that it is complete
379 // The response should be "\n" if no locators matched the prefix
380 // Else, it should be a list of locators followed by a blank line
381 if !bytes.Equal(respBody, []byte("\n")) && !bytes.HasSuffix(respBody, []byte("\n\n")) {
382 return nil, ErrIncompleteIndex
385 // Got complete index; strip the trailing newline and send
386 return bytes.NewReader(respBody[0 : len(respBody)-1]), nil
389 // LocalRoots() returns the map of local (i.e., disk and proxy) Keep
390 // services: uuid -> baseURI.
391 func (kc *KeepClient) LocalRoots() map[string]string {
392 kc.discoverServices()
394 defer kc.lock.RUnlock()
398 // GatewayRoots() returns the map of Keep remote gateway services:
400 func (kc *KeepClient) GatewayRoots() map[string]string {
401 kc.discoverServices()
403 defer kc.lock.RUnlock()
404 return kc.gatewayRoots
407 // WritableLocalRoots() returns the map of writable local Keep services:
409 func (kc *KeepClient) WritableLocalRoots() map[string]string {
410 kc.discoverServices()
412 defer kc.lock.RUnlock()
413 return kc.writableLocalRoots
416 // SetServiceRoots disables service discovery and updates the
417 // localRoots and gatewayRoots maps, without disrupting operations
418 // that are already in progress.
420 // The supplied maps must not be modified after calling
422 func (kc *KeepClient) SetServiceRoots(locals, writables, gateways map[string]string) {
423 kc.disableDiscovery = true
424 kc.setServiceRoots(locals, writables, gateways)
427 func (kc *KeepClient) setServiceRoots(locals, writables, gateways map[string]string) {
429 defer kc.lock.Unlock()
430 kc.localRoots = locals
431 kc.writableLocalRoots = writables
432 kc.gatewayRoots = gateways
435 // getSortedRoots returns a list of base URIs of Keep services, in the
436 // order they should be attempted in order to retrieve content for the
438 func (kc *KeepClient) getSortedRoots(locator string) []string {
440 for _, hint := range strings.Split(locator, "+") {
441 if len(hint) < 7 || hint[0:2] != "K@" {
442 // Not a service hint.
446 // +K@abcde means fetch from proxy at
447 // keep.abcde.arvadosapi.com
448 found = append(found, "https://keep."+hint[2:]+".arvadosapi.com")
449 } else if len(hint) == 29 {
450 // +K@abcde-abcde-abcdeabcdeabcde means fetch
451 // from gateway with given uuid
452 if gwURI, ok := kc.GatewayRoots()[hint[2:]]; ok {
453 found = append(found, gwURI)
455 // else this hint is no use to us; carry on.
458 // After trying all usable service hints, fall back to local roots.
459 found = append(found, NewRootSorter(kc.LocalRoots(), locator[0:32]).GetSortedRoots()...)
463 func (kc *KeepClient) cache() *BlockCache {
464 if kc.BlockCache != nil {
467 return DefaultBlockCache
471 func (kc *KeepClient) ClearBlockCache() {
476 // There are four global http.Client objects for the four
477 // possible permutations of TLS behavior (verify/skip-verify)
478 // and timeout settings (proxy/non-proxy).
479 defaultClient = map[bool]map[bool]HTTPClient{
480 // defaultClient[false] is used for verified TLS reqs
482 // defaultClient[true] is used for unverified
483 // (insecure) TLS reqs
486 defaultClientMtx sync.Mutex
489 // httpClient returns the HTTPClient field if it's not nil, otherwise
490 // whichever of the four global http.Client objects is suitable for
491 // the current environment (i.e., TLS verification on/off, keep
492 // services are/aren't proxies).
493 func (kc *KeepClient) httpClient() HTTPClient {
494 if kc.HTTPClient != nil {
497 defaultClientMtx.Lock()
498 defer defaultClientMtx.Unlock()
499 if c, ok := defaultClient[kc.Arvados.ApiInsecure][kc.foundNonDiskSvc]; ok {
503 var requestTimeout, connectTimeout, keepAlive, tlsTimeout time.Duration
504 if kc.foundNonDiskSvc {
505 // Use longer timeouts when connecting to a proxy,
506 // because this usually means the intervening network
508 requestTimeout = DefaultProxyRequestTimeout
509 connectTimeout = DefaultProxyConnectTimeout
510 tlsTimeout = DefaultProxyTLSHandshakeTimeout
511 keepAlive = DefaultProxyKeepAlive
513 requestTimeout = DefaultRequestTimeout
514 connectTimeout = DefaultConnectTimeout
515 tlsTimeout = DefaultTLSHandshakeTimeout
516 keepAlive = DefaultKeepAlive
519 transport, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
524 // Evidently the application has replaced
525 // http.DefaultTransport with a different type, so we
526 // need to build our own from scratch using the Go 1.8
528 transport = &http.Transport{
530 IdleConnTimeout: 90 * time.Second,
531 ExpectContinueTimeout: time.Second,
534 transport.DialContext = (&net.Dialer{
535 Timeout: connectTimeout,
536 KeepAlive: keepAlive,
539 transport.TLSHandshakeTimeout = tlsTimeout
540 transport.TLSClientConfig = arvadosclient.MakeTLSConfig(kc.Arvados.ApiInsecure)
542 Timeout: requestTimeout,
543 Transport: transport,
545 defaultClient[kc.Arvados.ApiInsecure][kc.foundNonDiskSvc] = c
549 var reqIDGen = httpserver.IDGenerator{Prefix: "req-"}
551 func (kc *KeepClient) getRequestID() string {
552 if kc.RequestID != "" {
555 return reqIDGen.Next()
559 type Locator struct {
561 Size int // -1 if data size is not known
562 Hints []string // Including the size hint, if any
565 func (loc *Locator) String() string {
567 if len(loc.Hints) > 0 {
568 s = s + "+" + strings.Join(loc.Hints, "+")
573 var locatorMatcher = regexp.MustCompile("^([0-9a-f]{32})([+](.*))?$")
575 func MakeLocator(path string) (*Locator, error) {
576 sm := locatorMatcher.FindStringSubmatch(path)
578 return nil, InvalidLocatorError
580 loc := Locator{Hash: sm[1], Size: -1}
582 loc.Hints = strings.Split(sm[3], "+")
584 loc.Hints = []string{}
586 if len(loc.Hints) > 0 {
587 if size, err := strconv.Atoi(loc.Hints[0]); err == nil {