14406: Copy remote blocks to local storage during MarshalManifest.
[arvados.git] / sdk / go / arvados / fs_collection.go
1 // Copyright (C) The Arvados Authors. All rights reserved.
2 //
3 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
4
5 package arvados
6
7 import (
8         "encoding/json"
9         "fmt"
10         "io"
11         "os"
12         "path"
13         "regexp"
14         "sort"
15         "strconv"
16         "strings"
17         "sync"
18         "time"
19 )
20
21 var maxBlockSize = 1 << 26
22
23 // A CollectionFileSystem is a FileSystem that can be serialized as a
24 // manifest and stored as a collection.
25 type CollectionFileSystem interface {
26         FileSystem
27
28         // Flush all file data to Keep and return a snapshot of the
29         // filesystem suitable for saving as (Collection)ManifestText.
30         // Prefix (normally ".") is a top level directory, effectively
31         // prepended to all paths in the returned manifest.
32         MarshalManifest(prefix string) (string, error)
33
34         // Total data bytes in all files.
35         Size() int64
36 }
37
38 type collectionFileSystem struct {
39         fileSystem
40         uuid string
41 }
42
43 // FileSystem returns a CollectionFileSystem for the collection.
44 func (c *Collection) FileSystem(client apiClient, kc keepClient) (CollectionFileSystem, error) {
45         var modTime time.Time
46         if c.ModifiedAt == nil {
47                 modTime = time.Now()
48         } else {
49                 modTime = *c.ModifiedAt
50         }
51         fs := &collectionFileSystem{
52                 uuid: c.UUID,
53                 fileSystem: fileSystem{
54                         fsBackend: keepBackend{apiClient: client, keepClient: kc},
55                 },
56         }
57         root := &dirnode{
58                 fs: fs,
59                 treenode: treenode{
60                         fileinfo: fileinfo{
61                                 name:    ".",
62                                 mode:    os.ModeDir | 0755,
63                                 modTime: modTime,
64                         },
65                         inodes: make(map[string]inode),
66                 },
67         }
68         root.SetParent(root, ".")
69         if err := root.loadManifest(c.ManifestText); err != nil {
70                 return nil, err
71         }
72         backdateTree(root, modTime)
73         fs.root = root
74         return fs, nil
75 }
76
77 func backdateTree(n inode, modTime time.Time) {
78         switch n := n.(type) {
79         case *filenode:
80                 n.fileinfo.modTime = modTime
81         case *dirnode:
82                 n.fileinfo.modTime = modTime
83                 for _, n := range n.inodes {
84                         backdateTree(n, modTime)
85                 }
86         }
87 }
88
89 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) newNode(name string, perm os.FileMode, modTime time.Time) (node inode, err error) {
90         if name == "" || name == "." || name == ".." {
91                 return nil, ErrInvalidArgument
92         }
93         if perm.IsDir() {
94                 return &dirnode{
95                         fs: fs,
96                         treenode: treenode{
97                                 fileinfo: fileinfo{
98                                         name:    name,
99                                         mode:    perm | os.ModeDir,
100                                         modTime: modTime,
101                                 },
102                                 inodes: make(map[string]inode),
103                         },
104                 }, nil
105         } else {
106                 return &filenode{
107                         fs: fs,
108                         fileinfo: fileinfo{
109                                 name:    name,
110                                 mode:    perm & ^os.ModeDir,
111                                 modTime: modTime,
112                         },
113                 }, nil
114         }
115 }
116
117 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) Sync() error {
118         if fs.uuid == "" {
119                 return nil
120         }
121         txt, err := fs.MarshalManifest(".")
122         if err != nil {
123                 return fmt.Errorf("sync failed: %s", err)
124         }
125         coll := &Collection{
126                 UUID:         fs.uuid,
127                 ManifestText: txt,
128         }
129         err = fs.RequestAndDecode(nil, "PUT", "arvados/v1/collections/"+fs.uuid, fs.UpdateBody(coll), map[string]interface{}{"select": []string{"uuid"}})
130         if err != nil {
131                 return fmt.Errorf("sync failed: update %s: %s", fs.uuid, err)
132         }
133         return nil
134 }
135
136 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) MarshalManifest(prefix string) (string, error) {
137         fs.fileSystem.root.Lock()
138         defer fs.fileSystem.root.Unlock()
139         return fs.fileSystem.root.(*dirnode).marshalManifest(prefix)
140 }
141
142 func (fs *collectionFileSystem) Size() int64 {
143         return fs.fileSystem.root.(*dirnode).TreeSize()
144 }
145
146 // filenodePtr is an offset into a file that is (usually) efficient to
147 // seek to. Specifically, if filenode.repacked==filenodePtr.repacked
148 // then
149 // filenode.segments[filenodePtr.segmentIdx][filenodePtr.segmentOff]
150 // corresponds to file offset filenodePtr.off. Otherwise, it is
151 // necessary to reexamine len(filenode.segments[0]) etc. to find the
152 // correct segment and offset.
153 type filenodePtr struct {
154         off        int64
155         segmentIdx int
156         segmentOff int
157         repacked   int64
158 }
159
160 // seek returns a ptr that is consistent with both startPtr.off and
161 // the current state of fn. The caller must already hold fn.RLock() or
162 // fn.Lock().
163 //
164 // If startPtr is beyond EOF, ptr.segment* will indicate precisely
165 // EOF.
166 //
167 // After seeking:
168 //
169 //     ptr.segmentIdx == len(filenode.segments) // i.e., at EOF
170 //     ||
171 //     filenode.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() > ptr.segmentOff
172 func (fn *filenode) seek(startPtr filenodePtr) (ptr filenodePtr) {
173         ptr = startPtr
174         if ptr.off < 0 {
175                 // meaningless anyway
176                 return
177         } else if ptr.off >= fn.fileinfo.size {
178                 ptr.segmentIdx = len(fn.segments)
179                 ptr.segmentOff = 0
180                 ptr.repacked = fn.repacked
181                 return
182         } else if ptr.repacked == fn.repacked {
183                 // segmentIdx and segmentOff accurately reflect
184                 // ptr.off, but might have fallen off the end of a
185                 // segment
186                 if ptr.segmentOff >= fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() {
187                         ptr.segmentIdx++
188                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
189                 }
190                 return
191         }
192         defer func() {
193                 ptr.repacked = fn.repacked
194         }()
195         if ptr.off >= fn.fileinfo.size {
196                 ptr.segmentIdx, ptr.segmentOff = len(fn.segments), 0
197                 return
198         }
199         // Recompute segmentIdx and segmentOff.  We have already
200         // established fn.fileinfo.size > ptr.off >= 0, so we don't
201         // have to deal with edge cases here.
202         var off int64
203         for ptr.segmentIdx, ptr.segmentOff = 0, 0; off < ptr.off; ptr.segmentIdx++ {
204                 // This would panic (index out of range) if
205                 // fn.fileinfo.size were larger than
206                 // sum(fn.segments[i].Len()) -- but that can't happen
207                 // because we have ensured fn.fileinfo.size is always
208                 // accurate.
209                 segLen := int64(fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len())
210                 if off+segLen > ptr.off {
211                         ptr.segmentOff = int(ptr.off - off)
212                         break
213                 }
214                 off += segLen
215         }
216         return
217 }
218
219 // filenode implements inode.
220 type filenode struct {
221         parent   inode
222         fs       FileSystem
223         fileinfo fileinfo
224         segments []segment
225         // number of times `segments` has changed in a
226         // way that might invalidate a filenodePtr
227         repacked int64
228         memsize  int64 // bytes in memSegments
229         sync.RWMutex
230         nullnode
231 }
232
233 // caller must have lock
234 func (fn *filenode) appendSegment(e segment) {
235         fn.segments = append(fn.segments, e)
236         fn.fileinfo.size += int64(e.Len())
237 }
238
239 func (fn *filenode) SetParent(p inode, name string) {
240         fn.Lock()
241         defer fn.Unlock()
242         fn.parent = p
243         fn.fileinfo.name = name
244 }
245
246 func (fn *filenode) Parent() inode {
247         fn.RLock()
248         defer fn.RUnlock()
249         return fn.parent
250 }
251
252 func (fn *filenode) FS() FileSystem {
253         return fn.fs
254 }
255
256 // Read reads file data from a single segment, starting at startPtr,
257 // into p. startPtr is assumed not to be up-to-date. Caller must have
258 // RLock or Lock.
259 func (fn *filenode) Read(p []byte, startPtr filenodePtr) (n int, ptr filenodePtr, err error) {
260         ptr = fn.seek(startPtr)
261         if ptr.off < 0 {
262                 err = ErrNegativeOffset
263                 return
264         }
265         if ptr.segmentIdx >= len(fn.segments) {
266                 err = io.EOF
267                 return
268         }
269         n, err = fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].ReadAt(p, int64(ptr.segmentOff))
270         if n > 0 {
271                 ptr.off += int64(n)
272                 ptr.segmentOff += n
273                 if ptr.segmentOff == fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() {
274                         ptr.segmentIdx++
275                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
276                         if ptr.segmentIdx < len(fn.segments) && err == io.EOF {
277                                 err = nil
278                         }
279                 }
280         }
281         return
282 }
283
284 func (fn *filenode) Size() int64 {
285         fn.RLock()
286         defer fn.RUnlock()
287         return fn.fileinfo.Size()
288 }
289
290 func (fn *filenode) FileInfo() os.FileInfo {
291         fn.RLock()
292         defer fn.RUnlock()
293         return fn.fileinfo
294 }
295
296 func (fn *filenode) Truncate(size int64) error {
297         fn.Lock()
298         defer fn.Unlock()
299         return fn.truncate(size)
300 }
301
302 func (fn *filenode) truncate(size int64) error {
303         if size == fn.fileinfo.size {
304                 return nil
305         }
306         fn.repacked++
307         if size < fn.fileinfo.size {
308                 ptr := fn.seek(filenodePtr{off: size})
309                 for i := ptr.segmentIdx; i < len(fn.segments); i++ {
310                         if seg, ok := fn.segments[i].(*memSegment); ok {
311                                 fn.memsize -= int64(seg.Len())
312                         }
313                 }
314                 if ptr.segmentOff == 0 {
315                         fn.segments = fn.segments[:ptr.segmentIdx]
316                 } else {
317                         fn.segments = fn.segments[:ptr.segmentIdx+1]
318                         switch seg := fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].(type) {
319                         case *memSegment:
320                                 seg.Truncate(ptr.segmentOff)
321                                 fn.memsize += int64(seg.Len())
322                         default:
323                                 fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx] = seg.Slice(0, ptr.segmentOff)
324                         }
325                 }
326                 fn.fileinfo.size = size
327                 return nil
328         }
329         for size > fn.fileinfo.size {
330                 grow := size - fn.fileinfo.size
331                 var seg *memSegment
332                 var ok bool
333                 if len(fn.segments) == 0 {
334                         seg = &memSegment{}
335                         fn.segments = append(fn.segments, seg)
336                 } else if seg, ok = fn.segments[len(fn.segments)-1].(*memSegment); !ok || seg.Len() >= maxBlockSize {
337                         seg = &memSegment{}
338                         fn.segments = append(fn.segments, seg)
339                 }
340                 if maxgrow := int64(maxBlockSize - seg.Len()); maxgrow < grow {
341                         grow = maxgrow
342                 }
343                 seg.Truncate(seg.Len() + int(grow))
344                 fn.fileinfo.size += grow
345                 fn.memsize += grow
346         }
347         return nil
348 }
349
350 // Write writes data from p to the file, starting at startPtr,
351 // extending the file size if necessary. Caller must have Lock.
352 func (fn *filenode) Write(p []byte, startPtr filenodePtr) (n int, ptr filenodePtr, err error) {
353         if startPtr.off > fn.fileinfo.size {
354                 if err = fn.truncate(startPtr.off); err != nil {
355                         return 0, startPtr, err
356                 }
357         }
358         ptr = fn.seek(startPtr)
359         if ptr.off < 0 {
360                 err = ErrNegativeOffset
361                 return
362         }
363         for len(p) > 0 && err == nil {
364                 cando := p
365                 if len(cando) > maxBlockSize {
366                         cando = cando[:maxBlockSize]
367                 }
368                 // Rearrange/grow fn.segments (and shrink cando if
369                 // needed) such that cando can be copied to
370                 // fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx] at offset
371                 // ptr.segmentOff.
372                 cur := ptr.segmentIdx
373                 prev := ptr.segmentIdx - 1
374                 var curWritable bool
375                 if cur < len(fn.segments) {
376                         _, curWritable = fn.segments[cur].(*memSegment)
377                 }
378                 var prevAppendable bool
379                 if prev >= 0 && fn.segments[prev].Len() < maxBlockSize {
380                         _, prevAppendable = fn.segments[prev].(*memSegment)
381                 }
382                 if ptr.segmentOff > 0 && !curWritable {
383                         // Split a non-writable block.
384                         if max := fn.segments[cur].Len() - ptr.segmentOff; max <= len(cando) {
385                                 // Truncate cur, and insert a new
386                                 // segment after it.
387                                 cando = cando[:max]
388                                 fn.segments = append(fn.segments, nil)
389                                 copy(fn.segments[cur+1:], fn.segments[cur:])
390                         } else {
391                                 // Split cur into two copies, truncate
392                                 // the one on the left, shift the one
393                                 // on the right, and insert a new
394                                 // segment between them.
395                                 fn.segments = append(fn.segments, nil, nil)
396                                 copy(fn.segments[cur+2:], fn.segments[cur:])
397                                 fn.segments[cur+2] = fn.segments[cur+2].Slice(ptr.segmentOff+len(cando), -1)
398                         }
399                         cur++
400                         prev++
401                         seg := &memSegment{}
402                         seg.Truncate(len(cando))
403                         fn.memsize += int64(len(cando))
404                         fn.segments[cur] = seg
405                         fn.segments[prev] = fn.segments[prev].Slice(0, ptr.segmentOff)
406                         ptr.segmentIdx++
407                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
408                         fn.repacked++
409                         ptr.repacked++
410                 } else if curWritable {
411                         if fit := int(fn.segments[cur].Len()) - ptr.segmentOff; fit < len(cando) {
412                                 cando = cando[:fit]
413                         }
414                 } else {
415                         if prevAppendable {
416                                 // Shrink cando if needed to fit in
417                                 // prev segment.
418                                 if cangrow := maxBlockSize - fn.segments[prev].Len(); cangrow < len(cando) {
419                                         cando = cando[:cangrow]
420                                 }
421                         }
422
423                         if cur == len(fn.segments) {
424                                 // ptr is at EOF, filesize is changing.
425                                 fn.fileinfo.size += int64(len(cando))
426                         } else if el := fn.segments[cur].Len(); el <= len(cando) {
427                                 // cando is long enough that we won't
428                                 // need cur any more. shrink cando to
429                                 // be exactly as long as cur
430                                 // (otherwise we'd accidentally shift
431                                 // the effective position of all
432                                 // segments after cur).
433                                 cando = cando[:el]
434                                 copy(fn.segments[cur:], fn.segments[cur+1:])
435                                 fn.segments = fn.segments[:len(fn.segments)-1]
436                         } else {
437                                 // shrink cur by the same #bytes we're growing prev
438                                 fn.segments[cur] = fn.segments[cur].Slice(len(cando), -1)
439                         }
440
441                         if prevAppendable {
442                                 // Grow prev.
443                                 ptr.segmentIdx--
444                                 ptr.segmentOff = fn.segments[prev].Len()
445                                 fn.segments[prev].(*memSegment).Truncate(ptr.segmentOff + len(cando))
446                                 fn.memsize += int64(len(cando))
447                                 ptr.repacked++
448                                 fn.repacked++
449                         } else {
450                                 // Insert a segment between prev and
451                                 // cur, and advance prev/cur.
452                                 fn.segments = append(fn.segments, nil)
453                                 if cur < len(fn.segments) {
454                                         copy(fn.segments[cur+1:], fn.segments[cur:])
455                                         ptr.repacked++
456                                         fn.repacked++
457                                 } else {
458                                         // appending a new segment does
459                                         // not invalidate any ptrs
460                                 }
461                                 seg := &memSegment{}
462                                 seg.Truncate(len(cando))
463                                 fn.memsize += int64(len(cando))
464                                 fn.segments[cur] = seg
465                                 cur++
466                                 prev++
467                         }
468                 }
469
470                 // Finally we can copy bytes from cando to the current segment.
471                 fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].(*memSegment).WriteAt(cando, ptr.segmentOff)
472                 n += len(cando)
473                 p = p[len(cando):]
474
475                 ptr.off += int64(len(cando))
476                 ptr.segmentOff += len(cando)
477                 if ptr.segmentOff >= maxBlockSize {
478                         fn.pruneMemSegments()
479                 }
480                 if fn.segments[ptr.segmentIdx].Len() == ptr.segmentOff {
481                         ptr.segmentOff = 0
482                         ptr.segmentIdx++
483                 }
484
485                 fn.fileinfo.modTime = time.Now()
486         }
487         return
488 }
489
490 // Write some data out to disk to reduce memory use. Caller must have
491 // write lock.
492 func (fn *filenode) pruneMemSegments() {
493         // TODO: async (don't hold Lock() while waiting for Keep)
494         // TODO: share code with (*dirnode)sync()
495         // TODO: pack/flush small blocks too, when fragmented
496         for idx, seg := range fn.segments {
497                 seg, ok := seg.(*memSegment)
498                 if !ok || seg.Len() < maxBlockSize {
499                         continue
500                 }
501                 locator, _, err := fn.FS().PutB(seg.buf)
502                 if err != nil {
503                         // TODO: stall (or return errors from)
504                         // subsequent writes until flushing
505                         // starts to succeed
506                         continue
507                 }
508                 fn.memsize -= int64(seg.Len())
509                 fn.segments[idx] = storedSegment{
510                         kc:      fn.FS(),
511                         locator: locator,
512                         size:    seg.Len(),
513                         offset:  0,
514                         length:  seg.Len(),
515                 }
516         }
517 }
518
519 type dirnode struct {
520         fs *collectionFileSystem
521         treenode
522 }
523
524 func (dn *dirnode) FS() FileSystem {
525         return dn.fs
526 }
527
528 func (dn *dirnode) Child(name string, replace func(inode) (inode, error)) (inode, error) {
529         if dn == dn.fs.rootnode() && name == ".arvados#collection" {
530                 gn := &getternode{Getter: func() ([]byte, error) {
531                         var coll Collection
532                         var err error
533                         coll.ManifestText, err = dn.fs.MarshalManifest(".")
534                         if err != nil {
535                                 return nil, err
536                         }
537                         data, err := json.Marshal(&coll)
538                         if err == nil {
539                                 data = append(data, '\n')
540                         }
541                         return data, err
542                 }}
543                 gn.SetParent(dn, name)
544                 return gn, nil
545         }
546         return dn.treenode.Child(name, replace)
547 }
548
549 // sync flushes in-memory data and remote block references (for the
550 // children with the given names, which must be children of dn) to
551 // local persistent storage. Caller must have write lock on dn and the
552 // named children.
553 func (dn *dirnode) sync(names []string) error {
554         type shortBlock struct {
555                 fn  *filenode
556                 idx int
557         }
558         var pending []shortBlock
559         var pendingLen int
560
561         flush := func(sbs []shortBlock) error {
562                 if len(sbs) == 0 {
563                         return nil
564                 }
565                 block := make([]byte, 0, maxBlockSize)
566                 for _, sb := range sbs {
567                         block = append(block, sb.fn.segments[sb.idx].(*memSegment).buf...)
568                 }
569                 locator, _, err := dn.fs.PutB(block)
570                 if err != nil {
571                         return err
572                 }
573                 off := 0
574                 for _, sb := range sbs {
575                         data := sb.fn.segments[sb.idx].(*memSegment).buf
576                         sb.fn.segments[sb.idx] = storedSegment{
577                                 kc:      dn.fs,
578                                 locator: locator,
579                                 size:    len(block),
580                                 offset:  off,
581                                 length:  len(data),
582                         }
583                         off += len(data)
584                         sb.fn.memsize -= int64(len(data))
585                 }
586                 return nil
587         }
588
589         for _, name := range names {
590                 fn, ok := dn.inodes[name].(*filenode)
591                 if !ok {
592                         continue
593                 }
594                 for idx, seg := range fn.segments {
595                         switch seg := seg.(type) {
596                         case storedSegment:
597                                 loc, err := dn.fs.LocalLocator(seg.locator)
598                                 if err != nil {
599                                         return err
600                                 }
601                                 seg.locator = loc
602                                 fn.segments[idx] = seg
603                         case *memSegment:
604                                 if seg.Len() > maxBlockSize/2 {
605                                         if err := flush([]shortBlock{{fn, idx}}); err != nil {
606                                                 return err
607                                         }
608                                         continue
609                                 }
610                                 if pendingLen+seg.Len() > maxBlockSize {
611                                         if err := flush(pending); err != nil {
612                                                 return err
613                                         }
614                                         pending = nil
615                                         pendingLen = 0
616                                 }
617                                 pending = append(pending, shortBlock{fn, idx})
618                                 pendingLen += seg.Len()
619                         default:
620                                 panic(fmt.Sprintf("can't sync segment type %T", seg))
621                         }
622                 }
623         }
624         return flush(pending)
625 }
626
627 // caller must have write lock.
628 func (dn *dirnode) marshalManifest(prefix string) (string, error) {
629         var streamLen int64
630         type filepart struct {
631                 name   string
632                 offset int64
633                 length int64
634         }
635         var fileparts []filepart
636         var subdirs string
637         var blocks []string
638
639         names := make([]string, 0, len(dn.inodes))
640         for name := range dn.inodes {
641                 names = append(names, name)
642         }
643         sort.Strings(names)
644         for _, name := range names {
645                 node := dn.inodes[name]
646                 node.Lock()
647                 defer node.Unlock()
648         }
649         if err := dn.sync(names); err != nil {
650                 return "", err
651         }
652         for _, name := range names {
653                 switch node := dn.inodes[name].(type) {
654                 case *dirnode:
655                         subdir, err := node.marshalManifest(prefix + "/" + name)
656                         if err != nil {
657                                 return "", err
658                         }
659                         subdirs = subdirs + subdir
660                 case *filenode:
661                         if len(node.segments) == 0 {
662                                 fileparts = append(fileparts, filepart{name: name})
663                                 break
664                         }
665                         for _, seg := range node.segments {
666                                 switch seg := seg.(type) {
667                                 case storedSegment:
668                                         if len(blocks) > 0 && blocks[len(blocks)-1] == seg.locator {
669                                                 streamLen -= int64(seg.size)
670                                         } else {
671                                                 blocks = append(blocks, seg.locator)
672                                         }
673                                         next := filepart{
674                                                 name:   name,
675                                                 offset: streamLen + int64(seg.offset),
676                                                 length: int64(seg.length),
677                                         }
678                                         if prev := len(fileparts) - 1; prev >= 0 &&
679                                                 fileparts[prev].name == name &&
680                                                 fileparts[prev].offset+fileparts[prev].length == next.offset {
681                                                 fileparts[prev].length += next.length
682                                         } else {
683                                                 fileparts = append(fileparts, next)
684                                         }
685                                         streamLen += int64(seg.size)
686                                 default:
687                                         // This can't happen: we
688                                         // haven't unlocked since
689                                         // calling sync().
690                                         panic(fmt.Sprintf("can't marshal segment type %T", seg))
691                                 }
692                         }
693                 default:
694                         panic(fmt.Sprintf("can't marshal inode type %T", node))
695                 }
696         }
697         var filetokens []string
698         for _, s := range fileparts {
699                 filetokens = append(filetokens, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d:%s", s.offset, s.length, manifestEscape(s.name)))
700         }
701         if len(filetokens) == 0 {
702                 return subdirs, nil
703         } else if len(blocks) == 0 {
704                 blocks = []string{"d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e+0"}
705         }
706         return manifestEscape(prefix) + " " + strings.Join(blocks, " ") + " " + strings.Join(filetokens, " ") + "\n" + subdirs, nil
707 }
708
709 func (dn *dirnode) loadManifest(txt string) error {
710         var dirname string
711         streams := strings.Split(txt, "\n")
712         if streams[len(streams)-1] != "" {
713                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no trailing newline", len(streams))
714         }
715         streams = streams[:len(streams)-1]
716         segments := []storedSegment{}
717         for i, stream := range streams {
718                 lineno := i + 1
719                 var anyFileTokens bool
720                 var pos int64
721                 var segIdx int
722                 segments = segments[:0]
723                 for i, token := range strings.Split(stream, " ") {
724                         if i == 0 {
725                                 dirname = manifestUnescape(token)
726                                 continue
727                         }
728                         if !strings.Contains(token, ":") {
729                                 if anyFileTokens {
730                                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
731                                 }
732                                 toks := strings.SplitN(token, "+", 3)
733                                 if len(toks) < 2 {
734                                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad locator %q", lineno, token)
735                                 }
736                                 length, err := strconv.ParseInt(toks[1], 10, 32)
737                                 if err != nil || length < 0 {
738                                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad locator %q", lineno, token)
739                                 }
740                                 segments = append(segments, storedSegment{
741                                         locator: token,
742                                         size:    int(length),
743                                         offset:  0,
744                                         length:  int(length),
745                                 })
746                                 continue
747                         } else if len(segments) == 0 {
748                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad locator %q", lineno, token)
749                         }
750
751                         toks := strings.SplitN(token, ":", 3)
752                         if len(toks) != 3 {
753                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
754                         }
755                         anyFileTokens = true
756
757                         offset, err := strconv.ParseInt(toks[0], 10, 64)
758                         if err != nil || offset < 0 {
759                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
760                         }
761                         length, err := strconv.ParseInt(toks[1], 10, 64)
762                         if err != nil || length < 0 {
763                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: bad file segment %q", lineno, token)
764                         }
765                         name := dirname + "/" + manifestUnescape(toks[2])
766                         fnode, err := dn.createFileAndParents(name)
767                         if err != nil {
768                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: cannot use path %q: %s", lineno, name, err)
769                         }
770                         // Map the stream offset/range coordinates to
771                         // block/offset/range coordinates and add
772                         // corresponding storedSegments to the filenode
773                         if pos > offset {
774                                 // Can't continue where we left off.
775                                 // TODO: binary search instead of
776                                 // rewinding all the way (but this
777                                 // situation might be rare anyway)
778                                 segIdx, pos = 0, 0
779                         }
780                         for next := int64(0); segIdx < len(segments); segIdx++ {
781                                 seg := segments[segIdx]
782                                 next = pos + int64(seg.Len())
783                                 if next <= offset || seg.Len() == 0 {
784                                         pos = next
785                                         continue
786                                 }
787                                 if pos >= offset+length {
788                                         break
789                                 }
790                                 var blkOff int
791                                 if pos < offset {
792                                         blkOff = int(offset - pos)
793                                 }
794                                 blkLen := seg.Len() - blkOff
795                                 if pos+int64(blkOff+blkLen) > offset+length {
796                                         blkLen = int(offset + length - pos - int64(blkOff))
797                                 }
798                                 fnode.appendSegment(storedSegment{
799                                         kc:      dn.fs,
800                                         locator: seg.locator,
801                                         size:    seg.size,
802                                         offset:  blkOff,
803                                         length:  blkLen,
804                                 })
805                                 if next > offset+length {
806                                         break
807                                 } else {
808                                         pos = next
809                                 }
810                         }
811                         if segIdx == len(segments) && pos < offset+length {
812                                 return fmt.Errorf("line %d: invalid segment in %d-byte stream: %q", lineno, pos, token)
813                         }
814                 }
815                 if !anyFileTokens {
816                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no file segments", lineno)
817                 } else if len(segments) == 0 {
818                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no locators", lineno)
819                 } else if dirname == "" {
820                         return fmt.Errorf("line %d: no stream name", lineno)
821                 }
822         }
823         return nil
824 }
825
826 // only safe to call from loadManifest -- no locking
827 func (dn *dirnode) createFileAndParents(path string) (fn *filenode, err error) {
828         var node inode = dn
829         names := strings.Split(path, "/")
830         basename := names[len(names)-1]
831         if !permittedName(basename) {
832                 err = fmt.Errorf("invalid file part %q in path %q", basename, path)
833                 return
834         }
835         for _, name := range names[:len(names)-1] {
836                 switch name {
837                 case "", ".":
838                         continue
839                 case "..":
840                         if node == dn {
841                                 // can't be sure parent will be a *dirnode
842                                 return nil, ErrInvalidArgument
843                         }
844                         node = node.Parent()
845                         continue
846                 }
847                 node, err = node.Child(name, func(child inode) (inode, error) {
848                         if child == nil {
849                                 child, err := node.FS().newNode(name, 0755|os.ModeDir, node.Parent().FileInfo().ModTime())
850                                 if err != nil {
851                                         return nil, err
852                                 }
853                                 child.SetParent(node, name)
854                                 return child, nil
855                         } else if !child.IsDir() {
856                                 return child, ErrFileExists
857                         } else {
858                                 return child, nil
859                         }
860                 })
861                 if err != nil {
862                         return
863                 }
864         }
865         _, err = node.Child(basename, func(child inode) (inode, error) {
866                 switch child := child.(type) {
867                 case nil:
868                         child, err = node.FS().newNode(basename, 0755, node.FileInfo().ModTime())
869                         if err != nil {
870                                 return nil, err
871                         }
872                         child.SetParent(node, basename)
873                         fn = child.(*filenode)
874                         return child, nil
875                 case *filenode:
876                         fn = child
877                         return child, nil
878                 case *dirnode:
879                         return child, ErrIsDirectory
880                 default:
881                         return child, ErrInvalidArgument
882                 }
883         })
884         return
885 }
886
887 func (dn *dirnode) TreeSize() (bytes int64) {
888         dn.RLock()
889         defer dn.RUnlock()
890         for _, i := range dn.inodes {
891                 switch i := i.(type) {
892                 case *filenode:
893                         bytes += i.Size()
894                 case *dirnode:
895                         bytes += i.TreeSize()
896                 }
897         }
898         return
899 }
900
901 type segment interface {
902         io.ReaderAt
903         Len() int
904         // Return a new segment with a subsection of the data from this
905         // one. length<0 means length=Len()-off.
906         Slice(off int, length int) segment
907 }
908
909 type memSegment struct {
910         buf []byte
911 }
912
913 func (me *memSegment) Len() int {
914         return len(me.buf)
915 }
916
917 func (me *memSegment) Slice(off, length int) segment {
918         if length < 0 {
919                 length = len(me.buf) - off
920         }
921         buf := make([]byte, length)
922         copy(buf, me.buf[off:])
923         return &memSegment{buf: buf}
924 }
925
926 func (me *memSegment) Truncate(n int) {
927         if n > cap(me.buf) {
928                 newsize := 1024
929                 for newsize < n {
930                         newsize = newsize << 2
931                 }
932                 newbuf := make([]byte, n, newsize)
933                 copy(newbuf, me.buf)
934                 me.buf = newbuf
935         } else {
936                 // Zero unused part when shrinking, in case we grow
937                 // and start using it again later.
938                 for i := n; i < len(me.buf); i++ {
939                         me.buf[i] = 0
940                 }
941         }
942         me.buf = me.buf[:n]
943 }
944
945 func (me *memSegment) WriteAt(p []byte, off int) {
946         if off+len(p) > len(me.buf) {
947                 panic("overflowed segment")
948         }
949         copy(me.buf[off:], p)
950 }
951
952 func (me *memSegment) ReadAt(p []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
953         if off > int64(me.Len()) {
954                 err = io.EOF
955                 return
956         }
957         n = copy(p, me.buf[int(off):])
958         if n < len(p) {
959                 err = io.EOF
960         }
961         return
962 }
963
964 type storedSegment struct {
965         kc      fsBackend
966         locator string
967         size    int // size of stored block (also encoded in locator)
968         offset  int // position of segment within the stored block
969         length  int // bytes in this segment (offset + length <= size)
970 }
971
972 func (se storedSegment) Len() int {
973         return se.length
974 }
975
976 func (se storedSegment) Slice(n, size int) segment {
977         se.offset += n
978         se.length -= n
979         if size >= 0 && se.length > size {
980                 se.length = size
981         }
982         return se
983 }
984
985 func (se storedSegment) ReadAt(p []byte, off int64) (n int, err error) {
986         if off > int64(se.length) {
987                 return 0, io.EOF
988         }
989         maxlen := se.length - int(off)
990         if len(p) > maxlen {
991                 p = p[:maxlen]
992                 n, err = se.kc.ReadAt(se.locator, p, int(off)+se.offset)
993                 if err == nil {
994                         err = io.EOF
995                 }
996                 return
997         }
998         return se.kc.ReadAt(se.locator, p, int(off)+se.offset)
999 }
1000
1001 func canonicalName(name string) string {
1002         name = path.Clean("/" + name)
1003         if name == "/" || name == "./" {
1004                 name = "."
1005         } else if strings.HasPrefix(name, "/") {
1006                 name = "." + name
1007         }
1008         return name
1009 }
1010
1011 var manifestEscapeSeq = regexp.MustCompile(`\\([0-7]{3}|\\)`)
1012
1013 func manifestUnescapeFunc(seq string) string {
1014         if seq == `\\` {
1015                 return `\`
1016         }
1017         i, err := strconv.ParseUint(seq[1:], 8, 8)
1018         if err != nil {
1019                 // Invalid escape sequence: can't unescape.
1020                 return seq
1021         }
1022         return string([]byte{byte(i)})
1023 }
1024
1025 func manifestUnescape(s string) string {
1026         return manifestEscapeSeq.ReplaceAllStringFunc(s, manifestUnescapeFunc)
1027 }
1028
1029 var manifestEscapedChar = regexp.MustCompile(`[\000-\040:\s\\]`)
1030
1031 func manifestEscapeFunc(seq string) string {
1032         return fmt.Sprintf("\\%03o", byte(seq[0]))
1033 }
1034
1035 func manifestEscape(s string) string {
1036         return manifestEscapedChar.ReplaceAllStringFunc(s, manifestEscapeFunc)
1037 }