14880: Fix argument parsing issues

14880: Fix argument parsing issues

arv-keepdocker passes through some flags to arv-put.  The strategy it
uses is to remove known flags and pass through unknown flags. However
it doesn't know if an unknown flag takes a value or not, so it treats
the values as a positional argument rather than the value
corresponding to the unknown flag.

* Move positional arguments from "keepdocker_parser" to "arg_parser"
* Strip positional arguments (image name, tag) from arguments before
  parsing known keepdocker_parser flags.
* Additionally move a couple of flags that were mistakenly added to
  put.run_opts (and thus appearing in the arv-keepdocker help despite
  making no sense) that should have been in put.upload_opts

Arvados-DCO-1.1-Signed-off-by: Peter Amstutz <pamstutz@veritasgenetics.com>