---
layout: default
navsection: userguide
-title: "Customizing the Crunch runtime environment"
+title: "Working with Docker images"
...
+{% comment %}
+Copyright (C) The Arvados Authors. All rights reserved.
-This page describes how to customize the runtime environment (e.g. the programs, libraries, and other dependencies needed to run a job) that a crunch script will be run in.
+SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-3.0
+{% endcomment %}
-{% include 'tutorial_expectations' %}
+This page describes how to set up the runtime environment (e.g., the programs, libraries, and other dependencies needed to run a job) that a workflow step will be run in using "Docker.":https://www.docker.com/ Docker is a tool for building and running containers that isolate applications from other applications running on the same node. For detailed information about Docker, see the "Docker User Guide.":https://docs.docker.com/userguide/
-h1. Docker
+This page describes:
-Arvados uses "Docker":https://www.docker.com/ images to provide a runtime environment for Crunch jobs.
+# "Create a custom image using a Dockerfile":#create
+# "Uploading an image to Arvados":#upload
+# "Sources of pre-built bioinformatics Docker images":#sources
-This page will demonstrate how to build the arvados/jobs Docker image, manually install additional software into the image to create a new custom image, and upload that image to Arvados for use by Crunch jobs.
+{% include 'tutorial_expectations_workstation' %}
-Arvados images are based on "Debian.":https://debian.org In order to build
+You also need ensure that "Docker is installed,":https://docs.docker.com/installation/ the Docker daemon is running, and you have permission to access Docker. You can test this by running @docker version@. If you receive a permission denied error, your user account may need to be added to the @docker@ group. If you have root access, you can add yourself to the @docker@ group using @$ sudo addgroup $USER docker@ then log out and log back in again; otherwise consult your local sysadmin.
-cd ~/arvados/docker
-./build.sh jobs-image
+h2(#create). Create a custom image using a Dockerfile
+
+This example shows how to create a Docker image and add the R package.
+
+First, create new directory called @docker-example@, in that directory create a file called @Dockerfile@.
+
+<notextile>
+<pre><code>$ <span class="userinput">mkdir docker-example-r-base</span>
+$ <span class="userinput">cd docker-example-r-base</span>
+</code></pre>
+</notextile>
+
+<notextile>
+<pre><code>FROM ubuntu:bionic
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get -yq --no-install-recommends install r-base-core
+</code></pre>
+</notextile>
+
+The "RUN" command is executed inside the container and can be any shell command line. You are not limited to installing Debian packages. You may compile programs or libraries from source and install them, edit systemwide configuration files, use other package managers such as @pip@ or @gem@, and perform any other customization necessary to run your program.
+
+You can also visit the "Docker tutorial":https://docs.docker.com/get-started/part2/ for more information and examples.
+
+You should add your Dockerfiles to the same source control repository as the Workflows that use them.
+
+h3. Create a new image
+
+We're now ready to create a new Docker image. Use @docker build@ to create a new image from the Dockerfile.
+
+<notextile>
+<pre><code>docker-example-r-base$ <span class="userinput">docker build -t docker-example-r-base .</span>
+</code></pre>
+</notextile>
+
+h3. Verify image
+
+Now we can verify that "R" is installed:
+
+<notextile>
+<pre><code>$ <span class="userinput">docker run -ti docker-example-r-base</span>
+root@57ec8f8b2663:/# R
+
+R version 3.4.4 (2018-03-15) -- "Someone to Lean On"
+Copyright (C) 2018 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
+Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
+</code></pre>
+</notextile>
+
+h2(#upload). Upload your image
+
+Finally, we are ready to upload the new Docker image to Arvados. Use @arv-keepdocker@ with the image repository name to upload the image. Without arguments, @arv-keepdocker@ will print out the list of Docker images in Arvados that are available to you.
+
+<notextile>
+<pre><code>$ <span class="userinput">arv-keepdocker docker-example-r-base</span>
+2020-06-29 13:48:19 arvados.arv_put[769] INFO: Creating new cache file at /home/peter/.cache/arvados/arv-put/39ddb51ebf6c5fcb3d713b5969466967
+206M / 206M 100.0% 2020-06-29 13:48:21 arvados.arv_put[769] INFO:
+
+2020-06-29 13:48:21 arvados.arv_put[769] INFO: Collection saved as 'Docker image docker-example-r-base:latest sha256:edd10'
+x20vs-4zz18-0tayximqcyb6uf8
+
+$ <span class="userinput">arv-keepdocker images</span>
+REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID COLLECTION CREATED
+docker-example-r-base latest sha256:edd10 x20vs-4zz18-0tayximqcyb6uf8 Mon Jun 29 17:46:16 2020
+</code></pre>
+</notextile>
+
+You are now able to specify the runtime environment for your program using @DockerRequirement@ in your workflow:
+
+<pre>
+hints:
+ DockerRequirement:
+ dockerPull: docker-example-r-base
+</pre>
+
+h3. Uploading Docker images to a shared project
+
+Docker images are subject to normal Arvados permissions. If wish to share your Docker image with others you should use @arv-keepdocker@ with the @--project-uuid@ option to add the image to a shared project and ensure that metadata is set correctly.
+
+<notextile>
+<pre><code>$ <span class="userinput">arv-keepdocker docker-example-r-base --project-uuid zzzzz-j7d0g-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx</span>
+</code></pre>
+</notextile>
+
+h2(#sources). Sources of pre-built images
+
+In addition to creating your own contianers, there are a number of resources where you can find bioinformatics tools already wrapped in container images:
+
+"BioContainers":https://biocontainers.pro/
+
+"Dockstore":https://dockstore.org/
+
+"Docker Hub":https://hub.docker.com/
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