18890: when ARVADOS_API_HOST_INSECURE is set, also disable certificate
[arvados.git] / sdk / python / arvados / keep.py
index 351f7f5dda8a96ebb805fd4d4896380cb3addbb8..1a83eae944c59f8dde5e3a7c63de8bbe9c62a9c9 100644 (file)
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 from __future__ import division
+import copy
 from future import standard_library
 from future.utils import native_str
 standard_library.install_aliases()
@@ -292,7 +293,8 @@ class KeepClient(object):
         def __init__(self, root, user_agent_pool=queue.LifoQueue(),
                      upload_counter=None,
                      download_counter=None,
-                     headers={}):
+                     headers={},
+                     insecure=False):
             self.root = root
             self._user_agent_pool = user_agent_pool
             self._result = {'error': None}
@@ -304,6 +306,7 @@ class KeepClient(object):
             self.put_headers = headers
             self.upload_counter = upload_counter
             self.download_counter = download_counter
+            self.insecure = insecure
 
         def usable(self):
             """Is it worth attempting a request?"""
@@ -371,9 +374,14 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                         '{}: {}'.format(k,v) for k,v in self.get_headers.items()])
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, response_body.write)
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.HEADERFUNCTION, self._headerfunction)
+                    if self.insecure:
+                        curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0)
+                        curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0)
+                    else:
+                        curl.setopt(pycurl.CAINFO, arvados.util.ca_certs_path())
                     if method == "HEAD":
                         curl.setopt(pycurl.NOBODY, True)
-                    self._setcurltimeouts(curl, timeout)
+                    self._setcurltimeouts(curl, timeout, method=="HEAD")
 
                     try:
                         curl.perform()
@@ -417,6 +425,10 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 _logger.info("HEAD %s: %s bytes",
                          self._result['status_code'],
                          self._result.get('content-length'))
+                if self._result['headers'].get('x-keep-locator'):
+                    # This is a response to a remote block copy request, return
+                    # the local copy block locator.
+                    return self._result['headers'].get('x-keep-locator')
                 return True
 
             _logger.info("GET %s: %s bytes in %s msec (%.3f MiB/sec)",
@@ -436,7 +448,9 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 return None
             return self._result['body']
 
-        def put(self, hash_s, body, timeout=None):
+        def put(self, hash_s, body, timeout=None, headers={}):
+            put_headers = copy.copy(self.put_headers)
+            put_headers.update(headers)
             url = self.root + hash_s
             _logger.debug("Request: PUT %s", url)
             curl = self._get_user_agent()
@@ -460,9 +474,14 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.INFILESIZE, len(body))
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.READFUNCTION, body_reader.read)
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPHEADER, [
-                        '{}: {}'.format(k,v) for k,v in self.put_headers.items()])
+                        '{}: {}'.format(k,v) for k,v in put_headers.items()])
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, response_body.write)
                     curl.setopt(pycurl.HEADERFUNCTION, self._headerfunction)
+                    if self.insecure:
+                        curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0)
+                        curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0)
+                    else:
+                        curl.setopt(pycurl.CAINFO, arvados.util.ca_certs_path())
                     self._setcurltimeouts(curl, timeout)
                     try:
                         curl.perform()
@@ -506,7 +525,7 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 self.upload_counter.add(len(body))
             return True
 
-        def _setcurltimeouts(self, curl, timeouts):
+        def _setcurltimeouts(self, curl, timeouts, ignore_bandwidth=False):
             if not timeouts:
                 return
             elif isinstance(timeouts, tuple):
@@ -519,8 +538,9 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 conn_t, xfer_t = (timeouts, timeouts)
                 bandwidth_bps = KeepClient.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT[2]
             curl.setopt(pycurl.CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS, int(conn_t*1000))
-            curl.setopt(pycurl.LOW_SPEED_TIME, int(math.ceil(xfer_t)))
-            curl.setopt(pycurl.LOW_SPEED_LIMIT, int(math.ceil(bandwidth_bps)))
+            if not ignore_bandwidth:
+                curl.setopt(pycurl.LOW_SPEED_TIME, int(math.ceil(xfer_t)))
+                curl.setopt(pycurl.LOW_SPEED_LIMIT, int(math.ceil(bandwidth_bps)))
 
         def _headerfunction(self, header_line):
             if isinstance(header_line, bytes):
@@ -541,38 +561,68 @@ class KeepClient(object):
             self._lastheadername = name
             self._headers[name] = value
             # Returning None implies all bytes were written
-    
+
 
     class KeepWriterQueue(queue.Queue):
-        def __init__(self, copies):
+        def __init__(self, copies, classes=[]):
             queue.Queue.__init__(self) # Old-style superclass
             self.wanted_copies = copies
+            self.wanted_storage_classes = classes
             self.successful_copies = 0
+            self.confirmed_storage_classes = {}
             self.response = None
-            self.successful_copies_lock = threading.Lock()
-            self.pending_tries = copies
+            self.storage_classes_tracking = True
+            self.queue_data_lock = threading.RLock()
+            self.pending_tries = max(copies, len(classes))
             self.pending_tries_notification = threading.Condition()
-        
-        def write_success(self, response, replicas_nr):
-            with self.successful_copies_lock:
+
+        def write_success(self, response, replicas_nr, classes_confirmed):
+            with self.queue_data_lock:
                 self.successful_copies += replicas_nr
+                if classes_confirmed is None:
+                    self.storage_classes_tracking = False
+                elif self.storage_classes_tracking:
+                    for st_class, st_copies in classes_confirmed.items():
+                        try:
+                            self.confirmed_storage_classes[st_class] += st_copies
+                        except KeyError:
+                            self.confirmed_storage_classes[st_class] = st_copies
+                    self.pending_tries = max(self.wanted_copies - self.successful_copies, len(self.pending_classes()))
                 self.response = response
             with self.pending_tries_notification:
                 self.pending_tries_notification.notify_all()
-        
+
         def write_fail(self, ks):
             with self.pending_tries_notification:
                 self.pending_tries += 1
                 self.pending_tries_notification.notify()
-        
+
         def pending_copies(self):
-            with self.successful_copies_lock:
+            with self.queue_data_lock:
                 return self.wanted_copies - self.successful_copies
 
+        def satisfied_classes(self):
+            with self.queue_data_lock:
+                if not self.storage_classes_tracking:
+                    # Notifies disabled storage classes expectation to
+                    # the outer loop.
+                    return None
+            return list(set(self.wanted_storage_classes) - set(self.pending_classes()))
+
+        def pending_classes(self):
+            with self.queue_data_lock:
+                if (not self.storage_classes_tracking) or (self.wanted_storage_classes is None):
+                    return []
+                unsatisfied_classes = copy.copy(self.wanted_storage_classes)
+                for st_class, st_copies in self.confirmed_storage_classes.items():
+                    if st_class in unsatisfied_classes and st_copies >= self.wanted_copies:
+                        unsatisfied_classes.remove(st_class)
+                return unsatisfied_classes
+
         def get_next_task(self):
             with self.pending_tries_notification:
                 while True:
-                    if self.pending_copies() < 1:
+                    if self.pending_copies() < 1 and len(self.pending_classes()) == 0:
                         # This notify_all() is unnecessary --
                         # write_success() already called notify_all()
                         # when pending<1 became true, so it's not
@@ -599,41 +649,40 @@ class KeepClient(object):
 
 
     class KeepWriterThreadPool(object):
-        def __init__(self, data, data_hash, copies, max_service_replicas, timeout=None):
+        def __init__(self, data, data_hash, copies, max_service_replicas, timeout=None, classes=[]):
             self.total_task_nr = 0
-            self.wanted_copies = copies
             if (not max_service_replicas) or (max_service_replicas >= copies):
                 num_threads = 1
             else:
                 num_threads = int(math.ceil(1.0*copies/max_service_replicas))
             _logger.debug("Pool max threads is %d", num_threads)
             self.workers = []
-            self.queue = KeepClient.KeepWriterQueue(copies)
+            self.queue = KeepClient.KeepWriterQueue(copies, classes)
             # Create workers
             for _ in range(num_threads):
                 w = KeepClient.KeepWriterThread(self.queue, data, data_hash, timeout)
                 self.workers.append(w)
-        
+
         def add_task(self, ks, service_root):
             self.queue.put((ks, service_root))
             self.total_task_nr += 1
-        
+
         def done(self):
-            return self.queue.successful_copies
-        
+            return self.queue.successful_copies, self.queue.satisfied_classes()
+
         def join(self):
             # Start workers
             for worker in self.workers:
                 worker.start()
             # Wait for finished work
             self.queue.join()
-        
+
         def response(self):
             return self.queue.response
-    
-    
+
+
     class KeepWriterThread(threading.Thread):
-        TaskFailed = RuntimeError()
+        class TaskFailed(RuntimeError): pass
 
         def __init__(self, queue, data, data_hash, timeout=None):
             super(KeepClient.KeepWriterThread, self).__init__()
@@ -650,29 +699,35 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 except queue.Empty:
                     return
                 try:
-                    locator, copies = self.do_task(service, service_root)
+                    locator, copies, classes = self.do_task(service, service_root)
                 except Exception as e:
-                    if e is not self.TaskFailed:
+                    if not isinstance(e, self.TaskFailed):
                         _logger.exception("Exception in KeepWriterThread")
                     self.queue.write_fail(service)
                 else:
-                    self.queue.write_success(locator, copies)
+                    self.queue.write_success(locator, copies, classes)
                 finally:
                     self.queue.task_done()
 
         def do_task(self, service, service_root):
+            classes = self.queue.pending_classes()
+            headers = {}
+            if len(classes) > 0:
+                classes.sort()
+                headers['X-Keep-Storage-Classes'] = ', '.join(classes)
             success = bool(service.put(self.data_hash,
                                         self.data,
-                                        timeout=self.timeout))
+                                        timeout=self.timeout,
+                                        headers=headers))
             result = service.last_result()
 
             if not success:
-                if result.get('status_code', None):
+                if result.get('status_code'):
                     _logger.debug("Request fail: PUT %s => %s %s",
                                   self.data_hash,
-                                  result['status_code'],
-                                  result['body'])
-                raise self.TaskFailed
+                                  result.get('status_code'),
+                                  result.get('body'))
+                raise self.TaskFailed()
 
             _logger.debug("KeepWriterThread %s succeeded %s+%i %s",
                           str(threading.current_thread()),
@@ -684,7 +739,18 @@ class KeepClient(object):
             except (KeyError, ValueError):
                 replicas_stored = 1
 
-            return result['body'].strip(), replicas_stored
+            classes_confirmed = {}
+            try:
+                scch = result['headers']['x-keep-storage-classes-confirmed']
+                for confirmation in scch.replace(' ', '').split(','):
+                    if '=' in confirmation:
+                        stored_class, stored_copies = confirmation.split('=')[:2]
+                        classes_confirmed[stored_class] = int(stored_copies)
+            except (KeyError, ValueError):
+                # Storage classes confirmed header missing or corrupt
+                classes_confirmed = None
+
+            return result['body'].strip(), replicas_stored, classes_confirmed
 
 
     def __init__(self, api_client=None, proxy=None,
@@ -762,6 +828,11 @@ class KeepClient(object):
         if local_store is None:
             local_store = os.environ.get('KEEP_LOCAL_STORE')
 
+        if api_client is None:
+            self.insecure = config.flag_is_true('ARVADOS_API_HOST_INSECURE')
+        else:
+            self.insecure = api_client.insecure
+
         self.block_cache = block_cache if block_cache else KeepBlockCache()
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.proxy_timeout = proxy_timeout
@@ -772,9 +843,12 @@ class KeepClient(object):
         self.get_counter = Counter()
         self.hits_counter = Counter()
         self.misses_counter = Counter()
+        self._storage_classes_unsupported_warning = False
+        self._default_classes = []
 
         if local_store:
             self.local_store = local_store
+            self.head = self.local_store_head
             self.get = self.local_store_get
             self.put = self.local_store_put
         else:
@@ -811,6 +885,12 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 self._writable_services = None
                 self.using_proxy = None
                 self._static_services_list = False
+                try:
+                    self._default_classes = [
+                        k for k, v in self.api_client.config()['StorageClasses'].items() if v['Default']]
+                except KeyError:
+                    # We're talking to an old cluster
+                    pass
 
     def current_timeout(self, attempt_number):
         """Return the appropriate timeout to use for this client.
@@ -934,7 +1014,8 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                     root, self._user_agent_pool,
                     upload_counter=self.upload_counter,
                     download_counter=self.download_counter,
-                    headers=headers)
+                    headers=headers,
+                    insecure=self.insecure)
         return local_roots
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -963,6 +1044,11 @@ class KeepClient(object):
         else:
             return None
 
+    def refresh_signature(self, loc):
+        """Ask Keep to get the remote block and return its local signature"""
+        now = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat("T") + 'Z'
+        return self.head(loc, headers={'X-Keep-Signature': 'local, {}'.format(now)})
+
     @retry.retry_method
     def head(self, loc_s, **kwargs):
         return self._get_or_head(loc_s, method="HEAD", **kwargs)
@@ -971,7 +1057,7 @@ class KeepClient(object):
     def get(self, loc_s, **kwargs):
         return self._get_or_head(loc_s, method="GET", **kwargs)
 
-    def _get_or_head(self, loc_s, method="GET", num_retries=None, request_id=None):
+    def _get_or_head(self, loc_s, method="GET", num_retries=None, request_id=None, headers=None):
         """Get data from Keep.
 
         This method fetches one or more blocks of data from Keep.  It
@@ -996,84 +1082,89 @@ class KeepClient(object):
 
         self.get_counter.add(1)
 
-        locator = KeepLocator(loc_s)
-        if method == "GET":
-            slot, first = self.block_cache.reserve_cache(locator.md5sum)
-            if not first:
-                self.hits_counter.add(1)
-                v = slot.get()
-                return v
-
-        self.misses_counter.add(1)
+        request_id = (request_id or
+                      (hasattr(self, 'api_client') and self.api_client.request_id) or
+                      arvados.util.new_request_id())
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = {}
+        headers['X-Request-Id'] = request_id
 
-        headers = {
-            'X-Request-Id': (request_id or
-                             (hasattr(self, 'api_client') and self.api_client.request_id) or
-                             arvados.util.new_request_id()),
-        }
-
-        # If the locator has hints specifying a prefix (indicating a
-        # remote keepproxy) or the UUID of a local gateway service,
-        # read data from the indicated service(s) instead of the usual
-        # list of local disk services.
-        hint_roots = ['http://keep.{}.arvadosapi.com/'.format(hint[2:])
-                      for hint in locator.hints if hint.startswith('K@') and len(hint) == 7]
-        hint_roots.extend([self._gateway_services[hint[2:]]['_service_root']
-                           for hint in locator.hints if (
-                                   hint.startswith('K@') and
-                                   len(hint) == 29 and
-                                   self._gateway_services.get(hint[2:])
-                                   )])
-        # Map root URLs to their KeepService objects.
-        roots_map = {
-            root: self.KeepService(root, self._user_agent_pool,
-                                   upload_counter=self.upload_counter,
-                                   download_counter=self.download_counter,
-                                   headers=headers)
-            for root in hint_roots
-        }
-
-        # See #3147 for a discussion of the loop implementation.  Highlights:
-        # * Refresh the list of Keep services after each failure, in case
-        #   it's being updated.
-        # * Retry until we succeed, we're out of retries, or every available
-        #   service has returned permanent failure.
-        sorted_roots = []
-        roots_map = {}
+        slot = None
         blob = None
-        loop = retry.RetryLoop(num_retries, self._check_loop_result,
-                               backoff_start=2)
-        for tries_left in loop:
-            try:
-                sorted_roots = self.map_new_services(
-                    roots_map, locator,
-                    force_rebuild=(tries_left < num_retries),
-                    need_writable=False,
-                    headers=headers)
-            except Exception as error:
-                loop.save_result(error)
-                continue
+        try:
+            locator = KeepLocator(loc_s)
+            if method == "GET":
+                slot, first = self.block_cache.reserve_cache(locator.md5sum)
+                if not first:
+                    self.hits_counter.add(1)
+                    blob = slot.get()
+                    if blob is None:
+                        raise arvados.errors.KeepReadError(
+                            "failed to read {}".format(loc_s))
+                    return blob
+
+            self.misses_counter.add(1)
+
+            # If the locator has hints specifying a prefix (indicating a
+            # remote keepproxy) or the UUID of a local gateway service,
+            # read data from the indicated service(s) instead of the usual
+            # list of local disk services.
+            hint_roots = ['http://keep.{}.arvadosapi.com/'.format(hint[2:])
+                          for hint in locator.hints if hint.startswith('K@') and len(hint) == 7]
+            hint_roots.extend([self._gateway_services[hint[2:]]['_service_root']
+                               for hint in locator.hints if (
+                                       hint.startswith('K@') and
+                                       len(hint) == 29 and
+                                       self._gateway_services.get(hint[2:])
+                                       )])
+            # Map root URLs to their KeepService objects.
+            roots_map = {
+                root: self.KeepService(root, self._user_agent_pool,
+                                       upload_counter=self.upload_counter,
+                                       download_counter=self.download_counter,
+                                       headers=headers,
+                                       insecure=self.insecure)
+                for root in hint_roots
+            }
+
+            # See #3147 for a discussion of the loop implementation.  Highlights:
+            # * Refresh the list of Keep services after each failure, in case
+            #   it's being updated.
+            # * Retry until we succeed, we're out of retries, or every available
+            #   service has returned permanent failure.
+            sorted_roots = []
+            roots_map = {}
+            loop = retry.RetryLoop(num_retries, self._check_loop_result,
+                                   backoff_start=2)
+            for tries_left in loop:
+                try:
+                    sorted_roots = self.map_new_services(
+                        roots_map, locator,
+                        force_rebuild=(tries_left < num_retries),
+                        need_writable=False,
+                        headers=headers)
+                except Exception as error:
+                    loop.save_result(error)
+                    continue
 
-            # Query KeepService objects that haven't returned
-            # permanent failure, in our specified shuffle order.
-            services_to_try = [roots_map[root]
-                               for root in sorted_roots
-                               if roots_map[root].usable()]
-            for keep_service in services_to_try:
-                blob = keep_service.get(locator, method=method, timeout=self.current_timeout(num_retries-tries_left))
-                if blob is not None:
-                    break
-            loop.save_result((blob, len(services_to_try)))
-
-        # Always cache the result, then return it if we succeeded.
-        if method == "GET":
-            slot.set(blob)
-            self.block_cache.cap_cache()
-        if loop.success():
-            if method == "HEAD":
-                return True
-            else:
+                # Query KeepService objects that haven't returned
+                # permanent failure, in our specified shuffle order.
+                services_to_try = [roots_map[root]
+                                   for root in sorted_roots
+                                   if roots_map[root].usable()]
+                for keep_service in services_to_try:
+                    blob = keep_service.get(locator, method=method, timeout=self.current_timeout(num_retries-tries_left))
+                    if blob is not None:
+                        break
+                loop.save_result((blob, len(services_to_try)))
+
+            # Always cache the result, then return it if we succeeded.
+            if loop.success():
                 return blob
+        finally:
+            if slot is not None:
+                slot.set(blob)
+                self.block_cache.cap_cache()
 
         # Q: Including 403 is necessary for the Keep tests to continue
         # passing, but maybe they should expect KeepReadError instead?
@@ -1083,17 +1174,17 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                           for key in sorted_roots)
         if not roots_map:
             raise arvados.errors.KeepReadError(
-                "failed to read {}: no Keep services available ({})".format(
-                    loc_s, loop.last_result()))
+                "[{}] failed to read {}: no Keep services available ({})".format(
+                    request_id, loc_s, loop.last_result()))
         elif not_founds == len(sorted_roots):
             raise arvados.errors.NotFoundError(
-                "{} not found".format(loc_s), service_errors)
+                "[{}] {} not found".format(request_id, loc_s), service_errors)
         else:
             raise arvados.errors.KeepReadError(
-                "failed to read {}".format(loc_s), service_errors, label="service")
+                "[{}] failed to read {} after {}".format(request_id, loc_s, loop.attempts_str()), service_errors, label="service")
 
     @retry.retry_method
-    def put(self, data, copies=2, num_retries=None, request_id=None):
+    def put(self, data, copies=2, num_retries=None, request_id=None, classes=None):
         """Save data in Keep.
 
         This method will get a list of Keep services from the API server, and
@@ -1110,8 +1201,12 @@ class KeepClient(object):
           *each* Keep server if it returns temporary failures, with
           exponential backoff.  The default value is set when the
           KeepClient is initialized.
+        * classes: An optional list of storage class names where copies should
+          be written.
         """
 
+        classes = classes or self._default_classes
+
         if not isinstance(data, bytes):
             data = data.encode()
 
@@ -1123,16 +1218,18 @@ class KeepClient(object):
             return loc_s
         locator = KeepLocator(loc_s)
 
+        request_id = (request_id or
+                      (hasattr(self, 'api_client') and self.api_client.request_id) or
+                      arvados.util.new_request_id())
         headers = {
-            'X-Request-Id': (request_id or
-                             (hasattr(self, 'api_client') and self.api_client.request_id) or
-                             arvados.util.new_request_id()),
+            'X-Request-Id': request_id,
             'X-Keep-Desired-Replicas': str(copies),
         }
         roots_map = {}
         loop = retry.RetryLoop(num_retries, self._check_loop_result,
                                backoff_start=2)
-        done = 0
+        done_copies = 0
+        done_classes = []
         for tries_left in loop:
             try:
                 sorted_roots = self.map_new_services(
@@ -1144,35 +1241,55 @@ class KeepClient(object):
                 loop.save_result(error)
                 continue
 
-            writer_pool = KeepClient.KeepWriterThreadPool(data=data, 
+            pending_classes = []
+            if done_classes is not None:
+                pending_classes = list(set(classes) - set(done_classes))
+            writer_pool = KeepClient.KeepWriterThreadPool(data=data,
                                                         data_hash=data_hash,
-                                                        copies=copies - done,
+                                                        copies=copies - done_copies,
                                                         max_service_replicas=self.max_replicas_per_service,
-                                                        timeout=self.current_timeout(num_retries - tries_left))
+                                                        timeout=self.current_timeout(num_retries - tries_left),
+                                                        classes=pending_classes)
             for service_root, ks in [(root, roots_map[root])
                                      for root in sorted_roots]:
                 if ks.finished():
                     continue
                 writer_pool.add_task(ks, service_root)
             writer_pool.join()
-            done += writer_pool.done()
-            loop.save_result((done >= copies, writer_pool.total_task_nr))
+            pool_copies, pool_classes = writer_pool.done()
+            done_copies += pool_copies
+            if (done_classes is not None) and (pool_classes is not None):
+                done_classes += pool_classes
+                loop.save_result(
+                    (done_copies >= copies and set(done_classes) == set(classes),
+                    writer_pool.total_task_nr))
+            else:
+                # Old keepstore contacted without storage classes support:
+                # success is determined only by successful copies.
+                #
+                # Disable storage classes tracking from this point forward.
+                if not self._storage_classes_unsupported_warning:
+                    self._storage_classes_unsupported_warning = True
+                    _logger.warning("X-Keep-Storage-Classes header not supported by the cluster")
+                done_classes = None
+                loop.save_result(
+                    (done_copies >= copies, writer_pool.total_task_nr))
 
         if loop.success():
             return writer_pool.response()
         if not roots_map:
             raise arvados.errors.KeepWriteError(
-                "failed to write {}: no Keep services available ({})".format(
-                    data_hash, loop.last_result()))
+                "[{}] failed to write {}: no Keep services available ({})".format(
+                    request_id, data_hash, loop.last_result()))
         else:
             service_errors = ((key, roots_map[key].last_result()['error'])
                               for key in sorted_roots
                               if roots_map[key].last_result()['error'])
             raise arvados.errors.KeepWriteError(
-                "failed to write {} (wanted {} copies but wrote {})".format(
-                    data_hash, copies, writer_pool.done()), service_errors, label="service")
+                "[{}] failed to write {} after {} (wanted {} copies but wrote {})".format(
+                    request_id, data_hash, loop.attempts_str(), (copies, classes), writer_pool.done()), service_errors, label="service")
 
-    def local_store_put(self, data, copies=1, num_retries=None):
+    def local_store_put(self, data, copies=1, num_retries=None, classes=[]):
         """A stub for put().
 
         This method is used in place of the real put() method when
@@ -1204,5 +1321,17 @@ class KeepClient(object):
         with open(os.path.join(self.local_store, locator.md5sum), 'rb') as f:
             return f.read()
 
+    def local_store_head(self, loc_s, num_retries=None):
+        """Companion to local_store_put()."""
+        try:
+            locator = KeepLocator(loc_s)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise arvados.errors.NotFoundError(
+                "Invalid data locator: '%s'" % loc_s)
+        if locator.md5sum == config.EMPTY_BLOCK_LOCATOR.split('+')[0]:
+            return True
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.local_store, locator.md5sum)):
+            return True
+
     def is_cached(self, locator):
         return self.block_cache.reserve_cache(expect_hash)