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layout: default
navsection: userguide
title: "Customizing Crunch environment using Docker"
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Copyright (C) The Arvados Authors. All rights reserved.
SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-3.0
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This page describes how to customize the runtime environment (e.g., the programs, libraries, and other dependencies needed to run a job) that a crunch script will be run in using "Docker.":https://www.docker.com/ Docker is a tool for building and running containers that isolate applications from other applications running on the same node. For detailed information about Docker, see the "Docker User Guide.":https://docs.docker.com/userguide/
This page will demonstrate how to:
# Fetch the arvados/jobs Docker image
# Manually install additional software into the container
# Create a new custom image
# Upload that image to Arvados for use by Crunch jobs
# Share your image with others
{% include 'tutorial_expectations_workstation' %}
You also need ensure that "Docker is installed,":https://docs.docker.com/installation/ the Docker daemon is running, and you have permission to access Docker. You can test this by running @docker version@. If you receive a permission denied error, your user account may need to be added to the @docker@ group. If you have root access, you can add yourself to the @docker@ group using @$ sudo addgroup $USER docker@ then log out and log back in again; otherwise consult your local sysadmin.
h2. Fetch a starting image
The easiest way to begin is to start from the "arvados/jobs" image which already has the Arvados SDK installed along with other configuration required for use with Crunch.
Download the latest "arvados/jobs" image from the Docker registry:
$ docker pull arvados/jobs:latest
Pulling repository arvados/jobs
3132168f2acb: Download complete
a42b7f2c59b6: Download complete
e5afdf26a7ae: Download complete
5cae48636278: Download complete
7a4f91b70558: Download complete
a04a275c1fd6: Download complete
c433ff206a22: Download complete
b2e539b45f96: Download complete
073b2581c6be: Download complete
593915af19dc: Download complete
32260b35005e: Download complete
6e5b860c1cde: Download complete
95f0bfb43d4d: Download complete
c7fd77eedb96: Download complete
0d7685aafd00: Download complete
h2. Install new packages
Next, enter the container using @docker run@, providing the arvados/jobs image and the program you want to run (in this case the bash shell).
$ docker run --interactive --tty --user root arvados/jobs /bin/bash
root@fbf1d0f529d5:/#
Next, update the package list using @apt-get update@.
root@fbf1d0f529d5:/# apt-get update
Hit http://security.debian.org jessie/updates InRelease
Ign http://httpredir.debian.org jessie InRelease
Ign http://apt.arvados.org jessie InRelease
Hit http://apt.arvados.org jessie Release.gpg
Get:1 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main amd64 Packages [431 kB]
Hit http://apt.arvados.org jessie Release
Hit http://httpredir.debian.org jessie-updates InRelease
Get:2 http://apt.arvados.org jessie/main amd64 Packages [257 kB]
Get:3 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie-updates/main amd64 Packages [17.6 kB]
Hit http://httpredir.debian.org jessie Release.gpg
Hit http://httpredir.debian.org jessie Release
Get:4 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie/main amd64 Packages [9049 kB]
Fetched 9755 kB in 2s (3894 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
In this example, we will install the "R" statistical language Debian package "r-base-core". Use @apt-get install@:
root@fbf1d0f529d5:/# apt-get install r-base-core
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
[...]
libxxf86vm1 make patch r-base-core r-base-dev r-cran-boot r-cran-class
r-cran-cluster r-cran-codetools r-cran-foreign r-cran-kernsmooth
r-cran-lattice r-cran-mass r-cran-matrix r-cran-mgcv r-cran-nlme r-cran-nnet
r-cran-rpart r-cran-spatial r-cran-survival r-doc-html r-recommended
[...]
Suggested packages:
[...]
The following NEW packages will be installed:
[...]
libxxf86vm1 make patch r-base-core r-base-dev r-cran-boot r-cran-class
r-cran-cluster r-cran-codetools r-cran-foreign r-cran-kernsmooth
r-cran-lattice r-cran-mass r-cran-matrix r-cran-mgcv r-cran-nlme r-cran-nnet
r-cran-rpart r-cran-spatial r-cran-survival r-doc-html r-recommended
[...]
0 upgraded, 203 newly installed, 0 to remove and 39 not upgraded.
Need to get 124 MB of archives.
After this operation, 334 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
[...]
Get:130 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main r-cran-cluster amd64 1.15.3-1 [475 kB]
Get:131 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main r-base-dev all 3.1.1-1 [4018 B]
Get:132 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main r-cran-boot all 1.3-13-1 [571 kB]
Get:133 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main r-cran-codetools all 0.2-9-1 [45.7 kB]
Get:134 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main r-cran-rpart amd64 4.1-8-1 [862 kB]
Get:135 http://httpredir.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main r-cran-foreign amd64 0.8.61-1 [213 kB]
[...]
Fetched 124 MB in 52s (2380 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
[...]
Unpacking r-base-core (3.1.1-1+b2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package r-base-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../r-base-dev_3.1.1-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking r-base-dev (3.1.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package r-cran-boot.
Preparing to unpack .../r-cran-boot_1.3-13-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking r-cran-boot (1.3-13-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package r-cran-mass.
[...]
Setting up r-base-core (3.1.1-1+b2) ...
Creating config file /etc/R/Renviron with new version
Setting up r-base-dev (3.1.1-1) ...
Setting up r-cran-boot (1.3-13-1) ...
Setting up r-cran-mass (7.3-34-1) ...
Setting up r-cran-class (7.3-11-1) ...
[...]
Now we can verify that "R" is installed:
root@fbf1d0f529d5:/# R
R version 3.1.1 (2014-07-10) -- "Sock it to Me"
Copyright (C) 2014 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.
>
Note that you are not limited to installing Debian packages. You may compile programs or libraries from source and install them, edit systemwide configuration files, use other package managers such as @pip@ or @gem@, and perform any other customization necessary to run your program.
h2. Create a new image
We're now ready to create a new Docker image. First, quit the container, then use @docker commit@ to create a new image from the stopped container. The container id can be found in the default hostname of the container displayed in the prompt, in this case @fbf1d0f529d5@:
root@fbf1d0f529d5:/# exit
$ docker commit fbf1d0f529d5 arvados/jobs-with-r
sha256:2818853ff9f9af5d7f77979803baac9c4710790ad2b84c1a754b02728fdff205
$ docker images
$ docker images |head
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
arvados/jobs-with-r latest 2818853ff9f9 9 seconds ago 703.1 MB
arvados/jobs latest 12b9f859d48c 4 days ago 362 MB
h2. Upload your image
Finally, we are ready to upload the new Docker image to Arvados. Use @arv-keepdocker@ with the image repository name to upload the image. Without arguments, @arv-keepdocker@ will print out the list of Docker images in Arvados that are available to you.
$ arv-keepdocker arvados/jobs-with-r
703M / 703M 100.0%
Collection saved as 'Docker image arvados/jobs-with-r:latest 2818853ff9f9'
qr1hi-4zz18-abcdefghijklmno
$ arv-keepdocker
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID COLLECTION CREATED
arvados/jobs-with-r latest 2818853ff9f9 qr1hi-4zz18-abcdefghijklmno Tue Jan 17 20:35:53 2017
You are now able to specify the runtime environment for your program using @DockerRequirement@ in your workflow:
hints:
DockerRequirement:
dockerPull: arvados/jobs-with-r
h2. Share Docker images
Docker images are subject to normal Arvados permissions. If wish to share your Docker image with others (or wish to share a pipeline template that uses your Docker image) you will need to use @arv-keepdocker@ with the @--project-uuid@ option to upload the image to a shared project.
$ arv-keepdocker arvados/jobs-with-r --project-uuid qr1hi-j7d0g-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx