// Copyright (C) The Arvados Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0

package keepproxy

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/lib/service"
	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/sdk/go/arvados"
	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/sdk/go/arvadosclient"
	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/sdk/go/ctxlog"
	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/sdk/go/health"
	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/sdk/go/httpserver"
	"git.arvados.org/arvados.git/sdk/go/keepclient"
	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)

const rfc3339NanoFixed = "2006-01-02T15:04:05.000000000Z07:00"

var Command = service.Command(arvados.ServiceNameKeepproxy, newHandlerOrErrorHandler)

func newHandlerOrErrorHandler(ctx context.Context, cluster *arvados.Cluster, token string, reg *prometheus.Registry) service.Handler {
	client, err := arvados.NewClientFromConfig(cluster)
	if err != nil {
		return service.ErrorHandler(ctx, cluster, fmt.Errorf("Error setting up arvados client: %w", err))
	}
	arv, err := arvadosclient.New(client)
	if err != nil {
		return service.ErrorHandler(ctx, cluster, fmt.Errorf("Error setting up arvados client: %w", err))
	}
	kc, err := keepclient.MakeKeepClient(arv)
	if err != nil {
		return service.ErrorHandler(ctx, cluster, fmt.Errorf("Error setting up keep client: %w", err))
	}
	keepclient.RefreshServiceDiscoveryOnSIGHUP()
	router, err := newHandler(ctx, kc, time.Duration(keepclient.DefaultProxyRequestTimeout), cluster)
	if err != nil {
		return service.ErrorHandler(ctx, cluster, err)
	}
	return router
}

type tokenCacheEntry struct {
	expire int64
	user   *arvados.User
}

type apiTokenCache struct {
	tokens     *lru.TwoQueueCache
	expireTime int64
}

// RememberToken caches the token and set an expire time.  If the
// token is already in the cache, it is not updated.
func (cache *apiTokenCache) RememberToken(token string, user *arvados.User) {
	now := time.Now().Unix()
	_, ok := cache.tokens.Get(token)
	if !ok {
		cache.tokens.Add(token, tokenCacheEntry{
			expire: now + cache.expireTime,
			user:   user,
		})
	}
}

// RecallToken checks if the cached token is known and still believed to be
// valid.
func (cache *apiTokenCache) RecallToken(token string) (bool, *arvados.User) {
	val, ok := cache.tokens.Get(token)
	if !ok {
		return false, nil
	}

	cacheEntry := val.(tokenCacheEntry)
	now := time.Now().Unix()
	if now < cacheEntry.expire {
		// Token is known and still valid
		return true, cacheEntry.user
	} else {
		// Token is expired
		cache.tokens.Remove(token)
		return false, nil
	}
}

func (h *proxyHandler) Done() <-chan struct{} {
	return nil
}

func (h *proxyHandler) CheckHealth() error {
	return nil
}

func (h *proxyHandler) checkAuthorizationHeader(req *http.Request) (pass bool, tok string, user *arvados.User) {
	parts := strings.SplitN(req.Header.Get("Authorization"), " ", 2)
	if len(parts) < 2 || !(parts[0] == "OAuth2" || parts[0] == "Bearer") || len(parts[1]) == 0 {
		return false, "", nil
	}
	tok = parts[1]

	// Tokens are validated differently depending on what kind of
	// operation is being performed. For example, tokens in
	// collection-sharing links permit GET requests, but not
	// PUT requests.
	var op string
	if req.Method == "GET" || req.Method == "HEAD" {
		op = "read"
	} else {
		op = "write"
	}

	if ok, user := h.apiTokenCache.RecallToken(op + ":" + tok); ok {
		// Valid in the cache, short circuit
		return true, tok, user
	}

	var err error
	arv := *h.KeepClient.Arvados
	arv.ApiToken = tok
	arv.RequestID = req.Header.Get("X-Request-Id")
	user = &arvados.User{}
	userCurrentError := arv.Call("GET", "users", "", "current", nil, user)
	err = userCurrentError
	if err != nil && op == "read" {
		apiError, ok := err.(arvadosclient.APIServerError)
		if ok && apiError.HttpStatusCode == http.StatusForbidden {
			// If it was a scoped "sharing" token it will
			// return 403 instead of 401 for the current
			// user check.  If it is a download operation
			// and they have permission to read the
			// keep_services table, we can allow it.
			err = arv.Call("HEAD", "keep_services", "", "accessible", nil, nil)
		}
	}
	if err != nil {
		ctxlog.FromContext(req.Context()).WithError(err).Info("checkAuthorizationHeader error")
		return false, "", nil
	}

	if userCurrentError == nil && user.IsAdmin {
		// checking userCurrentError is probably redundant,
		// IsAdmin would be false anyway. But can't hurt.
		if op == "read" && !h.cluster.Collections.KeepproxyPermission.Admin.Download {
			return false, "", nil
		}
		if op == "write" && !h.cluster.Collections.KeepproxyPermission.Admin.Upload {
			return false, "", nil
		}
	} else {
		if op == "read" && !h.cluster.Collections.KeepproxyPermission.User.Download {
			return false, "", nil
		}
		if op == "write" && !h.cluster.Collections.KeepproxyPermission.User.Upload {
			return false, "", nil
		}
	}

	// Success!  Update cache
	h.apiTokenCache.RememberToken(op+":"+tok, user)

	return true, tok, user
}

// We need to make a private copy of the default http transport early
// in initialization, then make copies of our private copy later. It
// won't be safe to copy http.DefaultTransport itself later, because
// its private mutexes might have already been used. (Without this,
// the test suite sometimes panics "concurrent map writes" in
// net/http.(*Transport).removeIdleConnLocked().)
var defaultTransport = *(http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport))

type proxyHandler struct {
	http.Handler
	*keepclient.KeepClient
	*apiTokenCache
	timeout   time.Duration
	transport *http.Transport
	cluster   *arvados.Cluster
}

func newHandler(ctx context.Context, kc *keepclient.KeepClient, timeout time.Duration, cluster *arvados.Cluster) (service.Handler, error) {
	rest := mux.NewRouter()

	transport := defaultTransport
	transport.DialContext = (&net.Dialer{
		Timeout:   keepclient.DefaultConnectTimeout,
		KeepAlive: keepclient.DefaultKeepAlive,
		DualStack: true,
	}).DialContext
	transport.TLSClientConfig = arvadosclient.MakeTLSConfig(kc.Arvados.ApiInsecure)
	transport.TLSHandshakeTimeout = keepclient.DefaultTLSHandshakeTimeout

	cacheQ, err := lru.New2Q(500)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error from lru.New2Q: %v", err)
	}

	h := &proxyHandler{
		Handler:    rest,
		KeepClient: kc,
		timeout:    timeout,
		transport:  &transport,
		apiTokenCache: &apiTokenCache{
			tokens:     cacheQ,
			expireTime: 300,
		},
		cluster: cluster,
	}

	rest.HandleFunc(`/{locator:[0-9a-f]{32}\+.*}`, h.Get).Methods("GET", "HEAD")
	rest.HandleFunc(`/{locator:[0-9a-f]{32}}`, h.Get).Methods("GET", "HEAD")

	// List all blocks
	rest.HandleFunc(`/index`, h.Index).Methods("GET")

	// List blocks whose hash has the given prefix
	rest.HandleFunc(`/index/{prefix:[0-9a-f]{0,32}}`, h.Index).Methods("GET")

	rest.HandleFunc(`/{locator:[0-9a-f]{32}\+.*}`, h.Put).Methods("PUT")
	rest.HandleFunc(`/{locator:[0-9a-f]{32}}`, h.Put).Methods("PUT")
	rest.HandleFunc(`/`, h.Put).Methods("POST")
	rest.HandleFunc(`/{any}`, h.Options).Methods("OPTIONS")
	rest.HandleFunc(`/`, h.Options).Methods("OPTIONS")

	rest.Handle("/_health/{check}", &health.Handler{
		Token:  cluster.ManagementToken,
		Prefix: "/_health/",
	}).Methods("GET")

	rest.NotFoundHandler = invalidPathHandler{}
	return h, nil
}

var errLoopDetected = errors.New("loop detected")

func (h *proxyHandler) checkLoop(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) error {
	if via := req.Header.Get("Via"); strings.Index(via, " "+viaAlias) >= 0 {
		ctxlog.FromContext(req.Context()).Printf("proxy loop detected (request has Via: %q): perhaps keepproxy is misidentified by gateway config as an external client, or its keep_services record does not have service_type=proxy?", via)
		http.Error(resp, errLoopDetected.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return errLoopDetected
	}
	return nil
}

func setCORSHeaders(resp http.ResponseWriter) {
	resp.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, OPTIONS")
	resp.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*")
	resp.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization, Content-Length, Content-Type, X-Keep-Desired-Replicas")
	resp.Header().Set("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86486400")
}

type invalidPathHandler struct{}

func (invalidPathHandler) ServeHTTP(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	http.Error(resp, "Bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
}

func (h *proxyHandler) Options(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	setCORSHeaders(resp)
}

var errBadAuthorizationHeader = errors.New("Missing or invalid Authorization header, or method not allowed")
var errContentLengthMismatch = errors.New("Actual length != expected content length")
var errMethodNotSupported = errors.New("Method not supported")

var removeHint, _ = regexp.Compile("\\+K@[a-z0-9]{5}(\\+|$)")

func (h *proxyHandler) Get(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	if err := h.checkLoop(resp, req); err != nil {
		return
	}
	setCORSHeaders(resp)
	resp.Header().Set("Via", req.Proto+" "+viaAlias)

	locator := mux.Vars(req)["locator"]
	var err error
	var status int
	var expectLength, responseLength int64
	var proxiedURI = "-"

	logger := ctxlog.FromContext(req.Context())
	defer func() {
		httpserver.SetResponseLogFields(req.Context(), logrus.Fields{
			"locator":        locator,
			"expectLength":   expectLength,
			"responseLength": responseLength,
			"proxiedURI":     proxiedURI,
			"err":            err,
		})
		if status != http.StatusOK {
			http.Error(resp, err.Error(), status)
		}
	}()

	kc := h.makeKeepClient(req)

	var pass bool
	var tok string
	var user *arvados.User
	if pass, tok, user = h.checkAuthorizationHeader(req); !pass {
		status, err = http.StatusForbidden, errBadAuthorizationHeader
		return
	}
	httpserver.SetResponseLogFields(req.Context(), logrus.Fields{
		"userUUID":     user.UUID,
		"userFullName": user.FullName,
	})

	// Copy ArvadosClient struct and use the client's API token
	arvclient := *kc.Arvados
	arvclient.ApiToken = tok
	kc.Arvados = &arvclient

	var reader io.ReadCloser

	locator = removeHint.ReplaceAllString(locator, "$1")

	switch req.Method {
	case "HEAD":
		expectLength, proxiedURI, err = kc.Ask(locator)
	case "GET":
		reader, expectLength, proxiedURI, err = kc.Get(locator)
		if reader != nil {
			defer reader.Close()
		}
	default:
		status, err = http.StatusNotImplemented, errMethodNotSupported
		return
	}

	if expectLength == -1 {
		logger.Warn("Content-Length not provided")
	}

	switch respErr := err.(type) {
	case nil:
		status = http.StatusOK
		resp.Header().Set("Content-Length", fmt.Sprint(expectLength))
		switch req.Method {
		case "HEAD":
			responseLength = 0
		case "GET":
			responseLength, err = io.Copy(resp, reader)
			if err == nil && expectLength > -1 && responseLength != expectLength {
				err = errContentLengthMismatch
			}
		}
	case keepclient.Error:
		if respErr == keepclient.BlockNotFound {
			status = http.StatusNotFound
		} else if respErr.Temporary() {
			status = http.StatusBadGateway
		} else {
			status = 422
		}
	default:
		status = http.StatusInternalServerError
	}
}

var errLengthRequired = errors.New(http.StatusText(http.StatusLengthRequired))
var errLengthMismatch = errors.New("Locator size hint does not match Content-Length header")

func (h *proxyHandler) Put(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	if err := h.checkLoop(resp, req); err != nil {
		return
	}
	setCORSHeaders(resp)
	resp.Header().Set("Via", "HTTP/1.1 "+viaAlias)

	kc := h.makeKeepClient(req)

	var err error
	var expectLength int64
	var status = http.StatusInternalServerError
	var wroteReplicas int
	var locatorOut string = "-"

	defer func() {
		httpserver.SetResponseLogFields(req.Context(), logrus.Fields{
			"expectLength":  expectLength,
			"wantReplicas":  kc.Want_replicas,
			"wroteReplicas": wroteReplicas,
			"locator":       strings.SplitN(locatorOut, "+A", 2)[0],
			"err":           err,
		})
		if status != http.StatusOK {
			http.Error(resp, err.Error(), status)
		}
	}()

	locatorIn := mux.Vars(req)["locator"]

	// Check if the client specified storage classes
	if req.Header.Get("X-Keep-Storage-Classes") != "" {
		var scl []string
		for _, sc := range strings.Split(req.Header.Get("X-Keep-Storage-Classes"), ",") {
			scl = append(scl, strings.Trim(sc, " "))
		}
		kc.SetStorageClasses(scl)
	}

	_, err = fmt.Sscanf(req.Header.Get("Content-Length"), "%d", &expectLength)
	if err != nil || expectLength < 0 {
		err = errLengthRequired
		status = http.StatusLengthRequired
		return
	}

	if locatorIn != "" {
		var loc *keepclient.Locator
		if loc, err = keepclient.MakeLocator(locatorIn); err != nil {
			status = http.StatusBadRequest
			return
		} else if loc.Size > 0 && int64(loc.Size) != expectLength {
			err = errLengthMismatch
			status = http.StatusBadRequest
			return
		}
	}

	var pass bool
	var tok string
	var user *arvados.User
	if pass, tok, user = h.checkAuthorizationHeader(req); !pass {
		err = errBadAuthorizationHeader
		status = http.StatusForbidden
		return
	}
	httpserver.SetResponseLogFields(req.Context(), logrus.Fields{
		"userUUID":     user.UUID,
		"userFullName": user.FullName,
	})

	// Copy ArvadosClient struct and use the client's API token
	arvclient := *kc.Arvados
	arvclient.ApiToken = tok
	kc.Arvados = &arvclient

	// Check if the client specified the number of replicas
	if desiredReplicas := req.Header.Get(keepclient.XKeepDesiredReplicas); desiredReplicas != "" {
		var r int
		_, err := fmt.Sscanf(desiredReplicas, "%d", &r)
		if err == nil {
			kc.Want_replicas = r
		}
	}

	// Now try to put the block through
	if locatorIn == "" {
		bytes, err2 := ioutil.ReadAll(req.Body)
		if err2 != nil {
			err = fmt.Errorf("Error reading request body: %s", err2)
			status = http.StatusInternalServerError
			return
		}
		locatorOut, wroteReplicas, err = kc.PutB(bytes)
	} else {
		locatorOut, wroteReplicas, err = kc.PutHR(locatorIn, req.Body, expectLength)
	}

	// Tell the client how many successful PUTs we accomplished
	resp.Header().Set(keepclient.XKeepReplicasStored, fmt.Sprintf("%d", wroteReplicas))

	switch err.(type) {
	case nil:
		status = http.StatusOK
		if len(kc.StorageClasses) > 0 {
			// A successful PUT request with storage classes means that all
			// storage classes were fulfilled, so the client will get a
			// confirmation via the X-Storage-Classes-Confirmed header.
			hdr := ""
			isFirst := true
			for _, sc := range kc.StorageClasses {
				if isFirst {
					hdr = fmt.Sprintf("%s=%d", sc, wroteReplicas)
					isFirst = false
				} else {
					hdr += fmt.Sprintf(", %s=%d", sc, wroteReplicas)
				}
			}
			resp.Header().Set(keepclient.XKeepStorageClassesConfirmed, hdr)
		}
		_, err = io.WriteString(resp, locatorOut)
	case keepclient.OversizeBlockError:
		// Too much data
		status = http.StatusRequestEntityTooLarge
	case keepclient.InsufficientReplicasError:
		status = http.StatusServiceUnavailable
	default:
		status = http.StatusBadGateway
	}
}

// ServeHTTP implementation for IndexHandler
// Supports only GET requests for /index/{prefix:[0-9a-f]{0,32}}
// For each keep server found in LocalRoots:
//   Invokes GetIndex using keepclient
//   Expects "complete" response (terminating with blank new line)
//   Aborts on any errors
// Concatenates responses from all those keep servers and returns
func (h *proxyHandler) Index(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	setCORSHeaders(resp)

	prefix := mux.Vars(req)["prefix"]
	var err error
	var status int

	defer func() {
		if status != http.StatusOK {
			http.Error(resp, err.Error(), status)
		}
	}()

	kc := h.makeKeepClient(req)
	ok, token, _ := h.checkAuthorizationHeader(req)
	if !ok {
		status, err = http.StatusForbidden, errBadAuthorizationHeader
		return
	}

	// Copy ArvadosClient struct and use the client's API token
	arvclient := *kc.Arvados
	arvclient.ApiToken = token
	kc.Arvados = &arvclient

	// Only GET method is supported
	if req.Method != "GET" {
		status, err = http.StatusNotImplemented, errMethodNotSupported
		return
	}

	// Get index from all LocalRoots and write to resp
	var reader io.Reader
	for uuid := range kc.LocalRoots() {
		reader, err = kc.GetIndex(uuid, prefix)
		if err != nil {
			status = http.StatusBadGateway
			return
		}

		_, err = io.Copy(resp, reader)
		if err != nil {
			status = http.StatusBadGateway
			return
		}
	}

	// Got index from all the keep servers and wrote to resp
	status = http.StatusOK
	resp.Write([]byte("\n"))
}

func (h *proxyHandler) makeKeepClient(req *http.Request) *keepclient.KeepClient {
	kc := *h.KeepClient
	kc.RequestID = req.Header.Get("X-Request-Id")
	kc.HTTPClient = &proxyClient{
		client: &http.Client{
			Timeout:   h.timeout,
			Transport: h.transport,
		},
		proto: req.Proto,
	}
	return &kc
}